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Left: Non-immunogenic “cold” tumor characterized by M2 macrophage polarization, upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), regulatory T cell (Tregs), downregulation of tumor antigen cross-presentation and tumor infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) count. Right: Immunogenic “Hot” tumor characterized by M1 macrophage polarization, upregulation of tumor antigen presentation and TIL count, and downregulation of VEGF, Tregs and other immunosuppressive factors.
