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. 2021 Jan 2;170:83–112. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.12.014

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Fig. 2 — Modes of action of intramuscularly administered mRNA vaccines. (1, 2) mRNA vaccines can transfect (1) muscle cells as well as (2) tissue-resident APCs near the injection site. (3) mRNA vaccines can flow into proximal lymph nodes (LNs) and transfect LN-resident cells, resulting in activation of T and B cell development.