Table 2.
Laboratory value differences between non-survivors and survivors
| Variable | Total (n=200) | Non-survivor (n=77, 38%) | Survivor (n=123, 62%) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hematological and inflammation-related indices | ||||
| White-cell count, ×103/µL | 10.6 (7.8–14.4) | 13.1 (10.5–16.9) | 9.4 (7.2–12.4) | <0.001 |
| Neutrophils, ×103/µL | 8.7 (5.6–12.4) | 11.2 (8.6–14.6) | 7.2 (4.9–10.7) | <0.001 |
| Lymphocyte count, ×103/µL | 1.0 (0.7–1.6) | 0.9 (0.7–1.4) | 1.1 (0.8–1.6) | 0.021 |
| Lymphopenia <1,000 cells×109 | 92 (46) | 46 (59) | 46 (37) | 0.002 |
| Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio | 7.8 (4.3–14.1) | 12.3 (7.7–18.3) | 6.3 (3.8–10.8) | <0.001 |
| Procalcitonin (ng/mL) | 0.22 (0.11–0.63) | 0.47 (0.18–2.40) | 0.14 (0.07–0.28) | <0.001 |
| CRP, mg/L | 149 (74–259) | 203 (96–323) | 128 (63–225) | <0.001 |
| Lymphocyte-to-CRP ratio | 7.1 (3.5–18.5) | 4.4 (2.5–11.5) | 9.0 (4.1–21.7) | <0.001 |
| ESR, mm/hr | 22 (15–31) | 26 (15–35) | 20 (15–28) | 0.148 |
| Serum ferritin, ng/L | 1,278 (652–1,962) | 1,460 (691–2,109) | 1,151 (642–1,923) | 0.246 |
| Coagulation factors | ||||
| D-dimer, ng/mL | 610 (330–1,780) | 1,025 (470–3,060) | 505 (300–1,440) | 0.002 |
| D-dimer on day 3, ng/mL | 903 (426–2,280) | 1,550 (870–3,960) | 540 (280–1,470) | <0.001 |
| Fibrinogen, mg/dL | 683 (459–660) | 701 (586–866) | 674 (518–826) | 0.216 |
| Organ-injury biochemical biomarkers | ||||
| Serum glucose, mg/dL | 133 (100–181) | 149 (107–195) | 120 (96–176) | 0.018 |
| CK, U/L | 98 (56–216) | 126 (60–278) | 90 (45–154) | 0.033 |
| Total proteins, g/dL | 6.5 (6.1–7.1) | 6.2 (5.7–6.9) | 6.8 (6.4–7.3) | <0.001 |
| Serum albumin, g/dL | 3.2 (2.8–3.6) | 2.9 (2.6–3.3) | 3.5 (3.1–4.0) | <0.001 |
| CK-MB, U/L | 23 (18–36) | 31 (22–39) | 21 (17–29) | <0.001 |
| Troponin T, pg/mL | 8 (3–27) | 27 (8–55) | 5 (3–11) | <0.001 |
| LDH, U/L | 722 (530–991) | 934 (722–1,201) | 628 (511–798) | <0.001 |
Values are presented as median (IQR) or number (%).
p-values by the rank-sum Wilcoxon test, chi-squared test, or Fisher exact test, as appropriate.
CRP: C-reactive protein; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CK: creatine phosphokinase; CK-MB: creatine phosphokinase MB fraction; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; IQR: interquartile range.