Table 2.
Midwest | Northeast | South | West | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N=11896 | N=11753 | N=41904 | N=1881 | ||
Mean ± SD / % | Mean ± SD / % | Mean ± SD / % | Mean ± SD / % | p value | |
Age (years) | 62 ± 10 | 61 ± 10 | 61 ± 11 | 64 ± 9 | <0.001 |
Sex (male) | 53 | 56 | 50 | 59 | <0.001 |
Race | <0.001 | ||||
White non-Hispanic | 85 | 89 | 81 | 88 | |
Black non-Hispanic | 13 | 8 | 17 | 6 | |
Other | 2 | 3 | 2 | 7 | |
Insurance coverage | 99 | 100 | 100 | 99 | <0.001 |
Height (cm) | 170 ± 11 | 170 ± 11 | 170 ± 11 | 171 ± 11 | <0.001 |
Weight (kg) | 100 ± 25 | 94 ± 22 | 97 ± 23 | 98 ± 24 | <0.001 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 34.4 ± 7.9 | 32.3 ± 6.8 | 33.3 ± 7.3 | 33.2 ± 7.2 | <0.001 |
Body mass index category | <0.001 | ||||
Underweight (<18.5 kg/m2) | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
Normal (18.5–24.9 kg/m2) | 8 | 11 | 9 | 9 | |
Overweight (25–29.9 kg/m2) | 22 | 29 | 26 | 24 | |
Obese (≥30 kg/m2) | 70 | 60 | 65 | 66 | |
HbA1c (%) | 8.5 ± 3.0 | 7.0 ± 1.7 | 7.3 ± 2.1 | 7.5 ± 1.9 | <0.001 |
HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 68.9 ± 32.5 | 52.5 ± 18.1 | 56.5 ± 22.5 | 58.2 ± 20.9 | <0.001 |
HbA1c category | <0.001 | ||||
<7% (<53 mmol/mol) | 43 | 66 | 58 | 51 | |
7–9% (53–75 mmol/mol) | 28 | 25 | 27 | 34 | |
>9% (>75 mmol/mol) | 29 | 10 | 15 | 16 | |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 129 ± 18 | 128 ± 15 | 131 ± 17 | 128 ± 17 | <0.001 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 73 ± 12 | 77 ± 9 | 77 ± 10 | 74 ± 11 | <0.001 |
Blood pressure< 140/90 mmHG | 72 | 74 | 68 | 73 | <0.001 |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.22 ± 1.09 | 4.55 ± 1.03 | 4.50 ± 1.09 | 4.11 ± 1.11 | <0.001 |
High density lipoprotein (mmol/L) | 1.22 ± 0.39 | 1.29 ± 0.41 | 1.22 ± 0.39 | 1.16 ± 0.36 | <0.001 |
Low density lipoprotein (mmol/L) | 2.20± 0.91 | 2.51 ± 0.88 | 2.51 ± 0.91 | 2.12 ± 0.88 | <0.001 |
Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.84 ± 1.04 | 1.75 ± 1.02 | 1.81 ± 1.10 | 1.85 ± 1.10 | <0.001 |
Low density lipoprotein<2.59 mmol/L | 72 | 58 | 58 | 74 | <0.001 |
‘ABC’ control† | 14.3 | 20.9 | 19.5 | 18.7 | <0.001 |
Tobacco use | 27 | 13 | 16 | 19 | <0.001 |
Hypertension | 77 | 79 | 83 | 88 | <0.001 |
Dyslipidaemia | 76 | 85 | 85 | 89 | <0.001 |
Medication Use | |||||
Insulin | 27 | 15 | 16 | 33 | <0.001 |
Oral hypoglycaemic agent | 59 | 50 | 55 | 69 | <0.001 |
Cholesterol-lowering | 77 | 67 | 69 | 88 | <0.001 |
Anti-hypertensive | 89 | 72 | 78 | 96 | <0.001 |
HbA1c<7% (<53 mmol/mol), blood pressure <140/90 mmHg and low density lipoprotein <2.59 mmol/L