Table 1.
Clinical Parameters of 75 Patients Who Had Clinically Positive LPLNs
| Characteristics | Operative Group (n = 52) | Non-Operative Group (n = 23) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (range) | 56 (30–74) | 59 (20–83) | - |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 36 (69.2%) | 17 (73.9%) | 0.717 |
| Female | 16 (30.8%) | 6 (16.1%) | |
| Pretreatment CEA | |||
| ≥5 mol/L | 28 (53.8%) | 13 (56.5%) | 0.389 |
| <5 mol/L | 20 (38.5%) | 10 (43.5%) | |
| Unidentified | 4 (7.7%) | - | |
| Distance from anal verge (range) | 4 (0–8) cm | 3 (0–8) cm | - |
| Clinical T stage | |||
| T2 | 0 | 3 (13.0%) | 0.002 |
| T3 | 44 (84.6%) | 11 (47.8%) | |
| T4 | 8 (15.4%) | 9 (39.1%) | |
| Clinical N stage | |||
| N1 | 13 (25.0%) | 9 (39.1%) | 0.089 |
| N2 | 39 (75.0%) | 14 (60.9%) | |
| Short axis of LPLN (range) | 8 (7–20) mm | 8 (7–21) mm | - |
| MRF status | |||
| Positive | 28 (53.8%) | 15 (65.2%) | 0.359 |
| Negative | 24 (46.2%) | 8 (34.8%) | |
| EMVI status | |||
| Positive | 22 (42.3%) | 11 (47.8%) | 0.657 |
| Negative | 30 (57.7%) | 12 (52.2%) | |
| Prescribed dose of LPLN | |||
| <60 Gy | 21 (40.4%) | 1 (4.3%) | 0.002 |
| 60 Gy | 31 (59.6%) | 22 (95.7%) | |
| Synchronous chemotherapy | |||
| Capecitabine | 32 (61.5%) | 13 (56.5%) | 0.683 |
| CapOX | 20 (38.5%) | 10 (43.5%) | |
| Induced or consolidated chemotherapy | |||
| Yes | 27 (51.8%) | 15 (65.2%) | 0.576 |
| No | 25 (48.2%) | 8 (34.8%) |
Abbreviations: LPLN, lateral pelvic lymph node; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; MRF, mesorectal fascia; EMVI, extramural vascular invasion.