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. 2021 Jan 19;2021:8787231. doi: 10.1155/2021/8787231

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Copyright © 2021 Hanwool Park et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Immunohistochemistry for pJNK (red, pJNK antibody) expression in the astrocytes of the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) (green, GFAP antibody). Treatment of streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic neuropathic pain rats (STZ + CMN50) with 50 mg/kg/day of curcumin (CMN) for 4 consecutive weeks normalized pJNK expression in the astrocyte of the DRG. (a) Control group (Ctr + Veh, n = 4); (b) curcumin-treated control group (Ctr + CMN50, n = 4); (c) STZ-induced diabetic neuropathic pain rats (STZ + Veh, n = 4); (d) curcumin-treated STZ-induced diabetic neuropathic pain rats (STZ + CMN50, n = 4). ^∗∗∗p < 0.001 compared to the Ctr + Veh group; ^†††p < 0.001 compared to the STZ + Veh group.