Table 6.
Maternal, delivery, and neonatal outcomes among pregnant patients with SARS-CoV-2 infections by infection status at delivery
| Characteristicsa | COVID-19 status at delivery |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Recovered at delivery | Mild COVID-19 at delivery | Severe or critical COVID-19 at deliveryb | P value | |
| Delivery characteristicsc | n=67 | n=77 | n=11 | |
| Timing | ||||
| Time from first COVID-19 positive test to outcome (d) | 58 (34,092) | 3 (0–11) | 8 (3–14) | .0001 |
| Gestational age at delivery (wk) | 39 (37.7–40) | 39.3 (38.6–40.1) | 37 (33.9–39.1) | <.01 |
| Preterm birth | 6 (9.0) | 4 (5.2) | 5 (45.4) | <.001 |
| Owing to preterm labor or PPROM | 5 (83.3) | 1 (25.0) | 1 (20.0) | .07 |
| Mode of delivery | ||||
| Induction (n=121 with any labor) | 23 (39.7) | 24 (41.4) | 2 (40.0) | .98 |
| Cesarean delivery | 22 (32.8) | 26 (33.8) | 7 (63.6) | .13 |
| Delivery induced or performed owing to COVID-19d | 0 (0) | 2 (2.6) | 7 (63.6) | <.001 |
| Obstetrical or fetal complications | n=67 | n=77 | n=11 | |
| Gestational diabetes | 8 (11.9) | 6 (7.8) | 2 (18.2) | .48 |
| New-onset hypertensive disorder of pregnancy or postpartume | 5 (7.5) | 14 (18.2) | 0 (0) | .07 |
| Diagnosed at or after COVID-19 diagnosis | 5 (100.0) | 12 (85.7) | 0 (0) | .37 |
| Nonreassuring fetal status or fetal distress | 4 (6.0) | 9 (11.7) | 6 (54.6) | <.001 |
| Neonatal outcomesf | n=67 | n=78 | n=11 | |
| Birthweight (g)g | 3261 (2950–3560) | 3304 (2955, 3705) | 2690 (2490–3020) | <.001 |
| Low birthweight (<2500 g) | 2 (3.0) | 2 (2.6) | 3 (27.3) | .001 |
| SARS-CoV-2 testing performedh | 3 (5.3) | 35 (44.9) | 7 (77.9) | <.001 |
| NICU admissioni | 2 (3.0) | 6 (7.7) | 3 (27.3) | .01 |
COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; HELLP, hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and a low platelet count; IQR, interquartile range; NICU, neonatal intensive care unit; PPROM, preterm premature rupture of membranes; SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
Lokken et al. COVID-19 disease and mortality in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2021.
Presented as number (percentage) and median(IQR)
One patient was readmitted several months after a severe COVID-19 infection owing to a COVID-19–associated complication and was considered to have “active COVID-19” in this analysis although she had a negative polymerase chain reaction test result at the time
n=155, excluding 2 spontaneous abortions
COVID-19 was the singular indication or a contributing indication for delivery
Data collection tools included new-onset gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, eclampsia, chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia, and HELLP
Live births only (n=156). There were 3 twin gestations
Birthweight is missing for 2 neonates (n=154)
Testing data missing for 12 neonates, for a total of 57 neonates born to pregnant patients considered COVID-19 recovered at delivery, 78 neonates born to pregnant patients with mild COVID-19 at delivery, and 9 neonates born to pregnant patients with severe COVID-19 at delivery
NICU admission occurred for a neonatal health indication. Does not include NICU admission solely for COVID-19 precautions. n=155, data missing for 1 neonate.