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. 2021 Jan 26;11:2191. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-81726-2

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© The Author(s) 2021, corrected publication 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Establishment of UUO-induced mice and kinetic analysis of AREG expression, fibrosis-related genes, and inflammatory genes in the kidneys. (a) Time scheme for UUO-induced mice verification. (b) Representative images of kidneys from control or UUO-induced mice (harvested eight days after UUO surgery). (c) Histological analysis by H&E, MT, and IHC staining of control and UUO mice. Tubular dilatation, the fibrotic areas, and the α-SMA-positive-areas were quantified. Scale bar, 100 μm. (d) The kinetics of the expression of AREG, fibronectin, TGF-β1, α1(I) collagen, and α1(III) collagen in the kidneys of UUO mice. (e) Kinetics of the expression of inflammatory genes (TNF-α and MCP-1) and molecular adhesion genes (VCAM-1 and ICAM-1) in UUO-induced kidneys were measured using real-time qRT-PCR. The values in each panel represent the mean ± SEM of six mice induced by UUO. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 compared to sham mice.