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. 2021 Jan 26;11:2222. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-81699-2

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Percentage of correct trials (17 out of 24 for Whisky; 15 out of 20 for Vicky Nina; mean success rate of correct trials for the 20 non-experienced family dogs: 49.8%, 95% bootstrap confidence interval: 46.4; 53.1, based on 480 trials) in the choice test, during which dogs were requested to choose one of two objects they had been exposed to in a social context (social condition) and during an exclusion-based task (exclusion condition). **Indicate performance significantly above chance level (p < 0.05).