TABLE 4.
Means, standard errors (Std Error), Coefficients of Variation (CV), maximum and minimum values for compositional traits, percentage of sum of squares in ANOVA explained by the agro-environmental zones (Sign Env) and structure clusters (Sign Str).
| Trait | N | Mean | Std. Error | CV | Minimum | Maximum | Sign Env | Sign Str |
| L* powder (2018) | 98 | 67.26 | 0.583 | 8.59 | 49.10 | 76.78 | 67.0*** | 7.3* |
| L* powder (2019) | 100 | 68.72 | 0.501 | 7.29 | 52.47 | 77.33 | 39.9*** | 16.2** |
| Sucrose (g 100 g–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 34.19 | 0.497 | 14.39 | 12.10 | 43.40 | 21.8** | 20.1*** |
| Sucrose (g 100 g–1 dw) (2019) | 100 | 30.12 | 0.444 | 14.75 | 12.60 | 38.00 | 13.5 | 16.0** |
| Fructose (g 100 g–1 dw (2018) | 98 | 9.983 | 0.132 | 13.13 | 6.600 | 14.00 | 29.9*** | 7.8* |
| Fructose (g 100 g–1 dw) (2019) | 100 | 7.449 | 0.125 | 16.75 | 4.600 | 12.00 | 17.4* | 3.5 |
| Glucose (g 100 g–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 5.245 | 0.131 | 24.71 | 2.400 | 10.20 | 48.3*** | 9.5** |
| Glucose (g 100 g–1 dw) (2019) | 100 | 3.547 | 0.109 | 30.71 | 1.500 | 9.300 | 22.6** | 3.1 |
| Total Sugars (g 100 g–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 49.42 | 0.430 | 8.62 | 27.80 | 57.00 | 9.8 | 29.7*** |
| Total Sugars (g 100 g–1 dw) (2019) | 100 | 41.12 | 0.401 | 9.75 | 30.50 | 49.20 | 10.2 | 20.4*** |
| Malic acid (g kg–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 5.873 | 0.160 | 26.98 | 1.495 | 10.71 | 37.2*** | 1.6 |
| Citric acid (g kg–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 1.598 | 0.047 | 29.15 | 0.351 | 2.897 | 36.5*** | 10.4** |
| Oxalic acid (g kg–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 0.304 | 0.005 | 15.89 | 0.206 | 0.442 | 29.0*** | 1.7 |
| Total organic acid (g kg–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 7.774 | 0.180 | 22.89 | 2.568 | 13.45 | 41.1*** | 0.1 |
| Protein% (w/w) (2018) | 98 | 4.691 | 0.095 | 20.07 | 2.179 | 7.868 | 18.6* | 1.2 |
| PO4 (g kg–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 1.213 | 0.036 | 29.65 | 0.568 | 2.611 | 16.1* | 2.3 |
| SO4 (g kg–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 0.505 | 0.035 | 68.76 | 0.083 | 1.648 | 9.6 | 4.3 |
| NH4 (g kg–1 dw) (2018) | 97 | 0.147 | 0.013 | 86.76 | 0.000 | 0.749 | 13.4 | 4.2 |
| NO3 (g kg–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 0.066 | 0.003 | 47.62 | 0.020 | 0.197 | 16.8 | 0.4 |
| K (g kg–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 12.14 | 0.267 | 21.74 | 4.546 | 19.89 | 10 | 0.04 |
| Cl (g kg–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 1.982 | 0.056 | 27.91 | 1.080 | 3.994 | 30.2*** | 5.0 |
| Ca (g kg–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 1.640 | 0.066 | 39.82 | 0.231 | 4.453 | 28.9*** | 2.3 |
| Mg (g kg–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 1.013 | 0.029 | 28.76 | 0.218 | 1.913 | 18.0* | 1.3 |
| Na (g kg–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 0.216 | 0.014 | 62.96 | 0.047 | 0.843 | 18.9* | 5.2 |
| DPPH (g AE kg–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 9.899 | 0.437 | 43.65 | 2.100 | 24.10 | 44.5*** | 11.6** |
| DPPH (g AE kg–1 dw) (2019) | 100 | 8.181 | 0.629 | 76.85 | 0.250 | 39.04 | 32.6*** | 9.9** |
| FRAP (g AE kg–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 53.61 | 2.703 | 49.91 | 11.00 | 130.5 | 66.8*** | 3.6 |
| FRAP (g AE kg–1 dw) (2019) | 100 | 37.91 | 1.886 | 49.76 | 11.49 | 86.98 | 53.4*** | 0.5 |
| Total Phenolics (MeOH-HCL) (g GAE kg–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 34.07 | 1.864 | 54.15 | 7.500 | 85.40 | 71.2*** | 2.8 |
| Total Phenolics (MeOH-HCL) (g GAE kg–1 dw) (2019) | 100 | 25.63 | 1.805 | 70.42 | 3.021 | 99.18 | 50.4*** | 1.7 |
| Total Phenolics—(MeOH-acetate) (g GAE kg–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 11.08 | 0.429 | 38.26 | 3.700 | 29.10 | 39.8*** | 11.6** |
| Condensed tannins (mg Catechin g–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 47.89 | 2.871 | 59.38 | 5.000 | 108.0 | 68.9*** | 0.8 |
| Condensed tannins (mg Catechin g–1 dw) (2019) | 100 | 24.98 | 2.361 | 94.35 | 0.000 | 97.80 | 56.1*** | 0.03 |
| Gallic acid (μg g–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 959.6 | 56.64 | 58.43 | 52.89 | 4015 | 24.3** | 5.9 |
| Kaempferol-7-O-glucoside (μg g–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 74.87 | 6.598 | 87.24 | 0.000 | 438.6 | 4.8 | 13.2** |
| Gallocatechin (μg g–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 11.90 | 0.240 | 19.94 | 0.000 | 19.93 | 8.4 | 0.8 |
| Naringenin diglucoside (μg g–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 11.76 | 0.758 | 63.80 | 0.000 | 31.34 | 33.9*** | 0.6 |
| Gallocatechin gallate (μg g–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 10.23 | 0.943 | 91.34 | 0.000 | 41.30 | 24.3** | 2.5 |
| Catechin (μg g–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 9.479 | 0.894 | 93.38 | 0.000 | 66.08 | 15.1 | 0.1 |
| Isovitexin (μg g–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 5.580 | 0.261 | 46.36 | 0.426 | 13.31 | 7.1 | 1.7 |
| Luteolin-7-O-glucoside (μg g–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 5.041 | 0.374 | 73.77 | 0.000 | 17.13 | 13.8 | 0.1 |
| Epigallocatechin gallate (μg g–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 3.213 | 0.089 | 27.51 | 0.000 | 6.228 | 5.8 | 0.7 |
| Methyl gallate (μg g–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 2.882 | 0.214 | 73.43 | 0.000 | 10.99 | 31.4*** | 7.2* |
| Epicatechin (μg g–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 1.508 | 0.036 | 23.81 | 0.000 | 2.867 | 13.8 | 0.6 |
| Vitexin (μg g–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 0.955 | 0.076 | 79.19 | 0.436 | 5.045 | 8.6 | 0.3 |
| Total (μg g–1 dw) (2018) | 98 | 1097 | 59.48 | 53.67 | 89.91 | 4139 | 22.1** | 7.4* |
*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.0001.