Table 2.
Comorbidities and premedication.
| Total (N = 57) | Non-Survivors (N = 13) | Survivors (N = 42) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Comorbidities | |||
| Total | 56 (98) | 13 (100) | 41 (98) |
| Arterial hypertension | 33 (58) | 10 (77) | 21 (50) |
| Pre-existing heart diseases | 22 (39) | 5 (38) | 15 (36) |
| Cardiovascular disease | 15 (26) | 4 (31) | 11 (26) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 11 (19) | 4 (31) | 6 (14) |
| Heart failure | 12 (21) | 2 (15) | 8 (19) |
| Pre-existing respiratory disease | 20 (35) | 5 (38) | 15 (36) |
| COPD | 10 (18) | 1 (8) | 9 (21) |
| Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome | 5 (9) | 2 (15) | 3 (7) |
| Bronchial asthma | 5 (9) | 2 (15) | 3 (7) |
| Other pulmonary diseases | 8 (14) | 3 (23) | 5 (12) |
| Smoking | 19 (33) | 2 (15) | 17 (40) |
| Former smoking | 8 (14) | 2 (15) | 6 (14) |
| Continued smoking | 7 (12) | 0 (0) | 7 (17) |
| Overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, < 30 kg/m2) | 17 (30) | 2 (15) | 14 (33) |
| Obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) | 12 (21) | 1 (8) | 11 (26) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 17 (30) | 5 (38) | 10 (24) |
| Prediabetes | 10 (18) | 3 (23) | 7 (17) |
| Chronic kidney disease | 10 (18) | 3 (23) | 6 (14) |
| Malignancy | 10 (18) | 3 (23) | 6 (14) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 6 (11) | 1 (8) | 4 (10) |
| Chronic hepatitis | 4 (7) | 1 (8) | 3 (7) |
| Peripheral arterial occlusive disease | 3 (5) | 1 (8) | 2 (5) |
| Chronic liver failure | 3 (5) | 1 (8) | 2 (5) |
| Premedication | |||
| ACE-Inhibitors | 20 (35) | 6 (46) | 14 (33) |
| Angiotensin-receptor blockers | 14 (25) | 2 (15) | 11 (26) |
| Beta blocker | 20 (35) | 7 (54) | 11 (26) |
| Calcium antagonists | 15 (26) | 2 (15) | 12 (29) |
| Diuretics | 29 (51) | 10 (77) | 17 (40) |
| Antidiabetics | 13 (23) | 4 (31) | 8 (19) |
| Lipid-lowering agents | 16 (28) | 6 (46) | 10 (24) |
| Antiplatelet therapy | 19 (33) | 5 (38) | 14 (33) |
| Anticoagulants | 11 (19) | 4 (31) | 6 (14) |
| Inhalation therapy | 16 (28) | 2 (15) | 13 (31) |
| Inhaled Glucocorticoids | 5 (9) | 1 (8) | 4 (10) |
| Systemic Glucocorticoids | 5 (9) | 1 (8) | 4 (10) |
| Immunosuppressive therapy | 4 (7) | 0 (0) | 3 (7) |
| NSAIDs | 11 (19) | 0 (0) | 11 (26) |
| Antibiotics | 11 (19) | 5 (38) | 5 (12) |
| Antiviral therapy | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | 1 (2) |
Data in N (%)
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; BMI, body mass index; ACE, Angiotensin-converting enzyme; NSAIDs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.