Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the children in the Southwest Finland Birth Cohort (SFBC).
| Boys | Girls | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No neonatal antibiotic exposure | Brief empirical antibiotic exposure | Antibiotic treatment for infection | p | No neonatal antibiotic exposure | Brief empirical antibiotic exposure | Antibiotic treatment for infection | p | |
| Subjects | 89.3% (5643/6316) | 4.7% (297/6316) | 6.0% (376/6136) | 92.2% (5637/6115) | 3.5% (216/6115) | 4.3% (262/6115) | ||
| Gestational age (weeks) | 40.0 (1.2) | 40.11 (1.38) | 40.06 (1.34) | 0.49 | 40.10 (1.18) | 39.98 (1.45) | 40.10 (1.30) | 0.34 |
| Birth weight (grams) | 3625 (462) | 3680 (530) | 3754 (499) | <0.0001 | 3509 (439) | 3509 (602) | 3614 (512) | 0.0011 |
| Birth weight Z score | 0.01 (1.03) | 0.13 (1.18) | 0.29 (1.11) | <0.0001 | −0.01 (1.04) | −0.02 (1.43) | 0.24 (1.20) | 0.0014 |
| Maternal prepregnancy BMIa | 24.3 (4.7) | 25.2 (5.2) | 25.2 (5.4) | <0.0001 | 24.3 (4.7) | 25.0 (5.0) | 24.9 (4.7) | 0.032 |
| Vaginal delivery | 88% (4941/5634) | 83% (246/297) | 83% (313/376) | 0.003 | 88% (4959/5637) | 77% (166/216) | 87% (229/262) | <0.0001 |
| Intrapartum antibiotic exposure | 10% (571/5619) | 16% (48/296) | 17% (63/375) | <0.0001 | 10% (588/5614) | 9% (20/216) | 18% (48/262) | 0.0003 |
| Antibiotic prescriptions until six years of ageb | 7 (4, 12) | 7 (3, 11) | 7 (4, 13) | 0.32 | 6 (3, 10) | 6 (3, 11) | 7 (3, 11) | 0.23 |
| Age at neonatal antibiotic therapy (hours)c | — | 5.5 (1.5, 24.9) | 4.1 (1.8, 18.5) | 0.56 | — | 3.5 (1.4, 14.1) | 3.7 (1.5, 16.4) | 0.81 |
| Neonatal antibiotic exposure duration (days)c | — | 2 (2, 2) | 7 (7, 7) | <0.0001 | — | 2 (2, 2) | 7 (7, 7) | <0.0001 |
The data are presented as means (standard deviation) for continuous variables and as percentage (proportion) for categorical variables. Two-tailed one-way Anova was used for continuous variables and Chi-squared test for categorical variables.
aVariable was tested with two-sided Kruskal–Wallis test because of non-normal distribution.
bMedian (quartiles Q1, Q3) and two-sided Kruskal–Wallis test were used because of non-normal distribution.
cMedian (quartiles Q1, Q3) and two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum test were used because of non-normal distribution.