Table 2.

Weight, height and body mass index (BMI) Z-scores during the first five years of life in children of the Programming of Enhanced Adiposity Risk in Childhood–Early Screening (PEACHES) cohort with neonatal infection and antibiotic therapy vs. children without neonatal infections and in the absence of antibiotic therapy.

	Boys (n = 258)		Girls (n = 277)
Outcome	β-estimate (95% CI)	p	β-estimate (95% CI)	p
Weight Z-score	−0.43 (−0.86, −0.002)	0.0488	0.28 (−0.21, 0.77)	0.2576
Height Z-score	−0.62 (−1.08, −0.16)	0.0080	−0.26 (−0.77, 0.26)	0.3331
BMI Z-score	−0.11 (−0.68, 0.47)	0.7143	0.62 (−0.19, 1.44)	0.1315

β-estimates for weight, height, and BMI Z-scores with 95% confidence interval (CI) and p-values for t-statistics are presented for children of age 0.5–5 years after neonatal infection and antibiotic therapy vs no neonatal infection, grouped by offspring sex. Data is based on hierarchical linear mixed model for repeated measurements adjusted for gestational age, birth weight Z-score, mode of delivery, child’s age, maternal prepregnancy BMI, intrapartum antibiotic treatment, and any breastfeeding during the first 6 months of life. Additionally, an interaction term between neonatal infection and child’s age is included. Only children with complete covariate sets and at least one BMI Z-score between 6 months and 5 years are presented.