Syndromic bile duct paucity—Alagille syndrome |
Non-syndromic bile duct paucity |
Metabolic and genetic disorders |
Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency |
BSEP deficiency (ABCB11) |
MDR3 deficiency (ABCB4) |
HNF3β deficiency |
Cystic fibrosis |
Peroxisomal disorders |
Niemann pick type C |
ARC syndrome (arthrogryposis-renal-cholestasis) |
Kabuki syndrome (rare) |
Chromosomal abnormalities (trisomy 17, 18 or 21) (rare) |
Infection |
Congenital cytomegalovirus infection |
Congenital syphilis (rare) |
Congenital rubella (rare) |
Inflammatory and immune disorders |
Graft versus host disease |
Chronic hepatic allograft rejection |
Sclerosing cholangitis (primary or secondary) |
Biliary atresia (late) |
Sarcoidosis (rare) |
Other |
Drug- or antibiotic-associated vanishing bile duct syndrome |
Panhypopituitarism (rare) |
Idiopathic |