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. 2021 Apr 5;6:22. doi: 10.21037/tgh-2020-03

Table 1. Disorders associated with bile duct paucity in children (70).

Syndromic bile duct paucity—Alagille syndrome
Non-syndromic bile duct paucity
   Metabolic and genetic disorders
    Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency
    BSEP deficiency (ABCB11)
    MDR3 deficiency (ABCB4)
    HNF3β deficiency
    Cystic fibrosis
    Peroxisomal disorders
    Niemann pick type C
    ARC syndrome (arthrogryposis-renal-cholestasis)
    Kabuki syndrome (rare)
    Chromosomal abnormalities (trisomy 17, 18 or 21) (rare)
   Infection
    Congenital cytomegalovirus infection
    Congenital syphilis (rare)
    Congenital rubella (rare)
   Inflammatory and immune disorders
    Graft versus host disease
    Chronic hepatic allograft rejection
    Sclerosing cholangitis (primary or secondary)
    Biliary atresia (late)
    Sarcoidosis (rare)
   Other
    Drug- or antibiotic-associated vanishing bile duct syndrome
    Panhypopituitarism (rare)
    Idiopathic