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. 2021 Jan 13;8:595096. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.595096

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Copyright © 2021 Fu, Chen, Li, Yang, Yang, Quan, Huang and Chen.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Fabrication and characterization of laminin-modified DPEM. The panel (A) shows the obtained developing tooth from swine with rich dental pulp tissues (DP). After the process of decellularization, the fabricated DPEM preserved the predetermined size and shape of dental pulp tissues. The cells in DP were not visualized in DPEM (B) by staining nuclei with the fluorescent dye DAPI. The panel (C) shows a continuous, brightly green fluorescence (LN-bound Alexa 488) along the surface of LN-coated graft but not on the surface of DPEM. Meanwhile, after being seeded with DPSCs for 1 week, DPEM/LN shows the persistency of LN coating though the intensity was visually reduced. For further observation, SEM analysis (D) was used to observe the microstructure of DP and DPEM. After cell seeding for 1 week, the SEM images of laminin-modified DPEM (DPEM/LN) showed better cell viability than DPEM. DPEM, dental pulp extracellular matrix; DPEM/LN, laminin-modified DPEM; DP, dental pulp; Yellow scale bars: 1 cm; White scale bars: 200 μm.