Table 1.
Baseline clinical characteristics.
| Lower Body Temperature (n = 67) |
Normal Body Temperature (n = 24) |
p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 81.3 ± 4.5 | 80.5 ± 3.6 | 0.49 |
| Male | 24 (36) | 8 (33) | 0.83 |
| Body temperature (°C) | 36.0 ± 0.1 | 36.4 ± 0.1 | <0.0001 |
| Comorbidity | |||
| Hypertension | 18 (27) | 5 (21) | 0.56 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 9 (13) | 2 (8) | 0.51 |
| Orthopedic disease | 35 (52) | 14 (58) | 0.61 |
| Previous cerebral infarction | 5 (7) | 1 (4) | 0.58 |
| Activity of daily living | 0.70 | ||
| Independent outdoor walking | 37 (55) | 13 (54) | |
| Independent indoor walking | 12 (18) | 6 (25) | |
| Indoor walking with assistance | 18 (27) | 5 (21) | |
| Body composition | |||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.3 ± 3.8 | 25.6 ± 5.4 | 0.03 |
| Metabolic rate (kcal) | 1159 ± 135 | 1182 ± 138 | 0.48 |
| Skeletal muscle mass (kg) | 19.2 ± 3.8 | 19.8 ± 3.8 | 0.49 |
| Body fat mass (kg) | 17.5 ± 6.3 | 21.3 ± 8.5 | 0.02 |
Values are n (%) or means with standard deviations.