Table 1.
Descriptive Characteristics of Total Sample, Stratified by ASD and Antibiotic Use in Pregnancy (% or Mean (SD))
| Total Sample (n=976) | TD (n=860) | ASD (n=116) | No Antibiotic (n=288) | Antibiotic (n=688) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ASD ‡ | 11.9 | 0% | 100.0 | 8.7 | 13.2 |
| Antibiotic use during pregnancy † | 70.5 | 69.4 | 78.4 | 0% | 100.0 |
| Male child †,‡ | 44.3 | 40.5 | 72.4 | 39.9 | 46.1 |
| Maternal age (years) | 28.4 (6.4) | 28.2 (6.4) | 29.8 (6.1) | 27.9 (6.4) | 28.5 (6.4) |
| Gestational age (months) †,‡ | 38.1 (3.1) | 38.4 (2.8) | 36.5 (4.6) | 38.4 (3.2) | 38.0 (3.1) |
| Child birth year †,‡ | 2006.4 (3.5) | 2006.3 (3.5) | 2006.9 (3.3) | 2004.5 (3.8) | 2007.2 (3) |
| Maternal education: high school grad or below | 61.6 | 62.3 | 56.6 | 65.6 | 60.0 |
| Maternal marital status: not married | 65.1 | 65.2 | 64.6 | 64.9 | 65.2 |
| Maternal Race | |||||
| Black | 61.4 | 61.6 | 59.5 | 63.9 | 60.3 |
| White, non-Hispanic | 8.5 | 9.0 | 5.2 | 7.3 | 9.0 |
| Other races | 30.0 | 29.4 | 35.4 | 28.8 | 30.7 |
| Maternal smoking | |||||
| Smoked 6 months prior to pregnancy | 84.2 | 85.1 | 77.7 | 85.7 | 83.6 |
| Quit during pregnancy | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.6 | 2.9 | 3.3 |
| Smoked prior and during pregnancy | 12.6 | 11.8 | 18.8 | 11.5 | 13.1 |
| C-section delivery †,‡ | 32.1 | 30.8 | 41.4 | 21.2 | 36.6 |
| Low birth weight (<2500 grams) † | 22.4 | 20.9 | 33.6 | 20.1 | 23.4 |
†
P-value <0.10 for Chi-square or T-test/ Wilcoxon rank sum test difference between ASD and TD group;
‡
P-value <0.10 for Chi-square or T-test/Wilcoxon rank sum test difference between Antibiotic and No Antibiotic use group