Table 3.

Incidence rate ratios (IRR) for risk factors for opioid-related hospital death or hospital inpatient admission 214 Illinois Hospitals, 1/2016–6/2019.

	Deaths, IRR (95% CI)	Hospital admission, IIR (95% CI)
Year
2016	Reference	Reference
2017	0.95 (0.84–1.09)	0.96 (0.94–0.99)
2018	0.98 (0.84–1.14)	0.94 (0.90–0.97)
2019	0.95 (0.80–1.15)	0.92 (0.87–0.97)
Sex
Male	0.92 (0.83–1.15)	0.96 (0.94–0.98)
Race/ethnicity
Non-Hispanic White	Reference	Reference
Non-Hispanic Black	0.78 (0.62–0.98)	1.02 (0.98–1.08)
Hispanic	0.75 (0.55–1.13)	1.02 (0.94–1.11)
Asian	0.64 (0.21–1.91)	1.10 (1.06–1.18)
Unknown or Other	1.11 (0.67–1.80)	1.11 (0.95–1.29)
Age group
0–19	0.58 (0.32–1.04)	1.11 (1.03–1.20)
20–44	Reference	Reference
45–64	1.80 (1.59–2.04)	1.07 (1.03–1.12)
65+	3.31 (2.41–4.53)	1.13(1.07–1.19)
Insurance
Private	Reference	Reference
Medicaid	0.91 (0.77–1.08)	0.92 (0.86–0.99)
Medicare Age 65	0.98 (0.67–1.41)	1.10 (1.02–1.18)
Medicare disability	0.93 (0.73–1.15)	1.10 (1.03–1.16) (
Uninsured	0.84 (0.67–1.04)	0.51 (0.46–0.55)
Other/unknown	1.43 (0.90–2.28)	0.94 (0.80–1.11)
Illinois county area
Cook	Reference	Reference
DuPage, Kane, Will, Lake, or McHenry County	1.09 (0.85–1.39)	0.95 (0.90–1.01)
Downstate	1.11 (0.85–1.36)	0.94 (0.86–1.02)
Rural/small metro county	0.94 (0.72–1.21)-	0.92 (0.83–1.01)
Day of encounter
Weekend	1.17 (1.03–1.33)	0.95 (0.93–0.96)
ICD-10 coded category of opioid use
Opioid overdose	2.43 (1.87–3.16)	0.56 (0.46–0.66)
Opioid abuse	1.42 (1.11–1.81)	0.94 (0.84–1.06)
Opioid dependence	0.63 (0.48–0.82)	1.46 (1.30–1.64)
Opioid use	Reference	Reference
Zip code tabulation area poverty percent of poor households
< 5% of ZCTA	1.14 (0.90–1.45)	1.00 (0.95–1.05)
5–9.99% of ZCTA	1.12 (0.89–1.41)	0.99 (0.95–1.04)
10–19.99% of ZCTA	1.06 (0.87–1.30)	0.99 (0.95–1.03)
> 20% of ZCTA	Reference	Reference
Not Illinois resident	1.12 (0.78–1.61)	1.07 (0.97–1.20)