TABLE 2.
Effects on cardiorenal outcomes in patients with DKD
| No. of events | HR (95% CI) | P‐value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
CREDENCE (canagliflozin vs. placebo) 31 T2D patients with established kidney disease, N = 4401 Number (%) of Asians: 877 (19.9%) |
Cana (N = 2202) n |
Placebo (N = 2199) n |
||
| Renal outcomes | ||||
| ESKD, doubling of the serum creatinine level from baseline, or death from renal or CV disease | 245 | 340 | 0.70 (0.59‐0.82) | .00001 |
| ESKD, doubling of the serum creatinine level from baseline, or death from renal disease | 153 | 224 | 0.66 (0.53‐0.81) | <.001 |
| Doubling of the serum creatinine | 118 | 188 | 0.60 (0.48‐0.76) | <.001 |
| ESKD | 116 | 165 | 0.68 (0.54‐0.86) | .002 |
| eGFR <15 mL/min/1.73 m2 | 78 | 125 | 0.60 (0.45‐0.80) | ‐ |
| Dialysis initiated or kidney transplantation | 76 | 100 | 0.74 (0.55‐1.00) | ‐ |
| Dialysis, kidney transplantation or renal death | 78 | 105 | 0.72 (0.54‐0.97) | ‐ |
| CV outcomes | ||||
| MACE | 217 | 269 | 0.80 (0.67‐0.95) | .01 |
| CV death or HHF | 179 | 253 | 0.69 (0.57‐0.83) | <.001 |
| CV death | 110 | 140 | 0.78 (0.61‐1.00) | .05 |
| HHF | 89 | 141 | 0.61 (0.47‐0.80) | .001 |
|
DAPA‐CKD (dapagliflozin vs. placebo) 32 CKD patients with or without T2D, N = 4304 (T2D, n = 2906; no T2D, n = 1398) Number (%) of Asians: 1467 (34.0%) |
Dapa (N = 2152) n |
Placebo (N = 2152) n |
||
| Renal outcomes | ||||
| ≥50% sustained decline in eGFR, ESKD or death from renal or CV disease | 197 | 312 | 0.61 (0.51‐0.72) | <.001 |
| ≥50% sustained decline in eGFR, ESKD or death from renal disease | 142 | 243 | 0.56 (0.45‐0.68) | <.001 |
| ≥50% sustained decline in eGFR | 112 | 201 | 0.53 (0.42‐0.67) | ‐ |
| ESKD | 109 | 161 | 0.64 (0.50‐0.82) | ‐ |
| eGFR <15 mL/min/1.73 m2 | 84 | 120 | 0.67 (0.51‐0.88) | ‐ |
| Long‐term dialysis | 68 | 99 | 0.66 (0.48‐0.90) | ‐ |
| Kidney transplantation | 3 | 8 | ‐ | ‐ |
| Death from renal causes | 2 | 6 | ‐ | ‐ |
| CV outcomes | ||||
| CV death | 65 | 80 | 0.81 (0.58‐1.12) | ‐ |
| CV death or HHF | 100 | 138 | 0.71 (0.55‐0.92) | .009 |
Abbreviations: CV, cardiovascular; cana, canagliflozin; ESKD, end‐stage kidney disease; HHF, heart failure hospitalizations; MACE, major adverse cardiac events; T2D, type 2 diabetes.