TABLE 1.

Formulae for P‐values used to create level $\alpha$ tests of H₀₁, H₀₃, and H_0, 13

	With no enrichment
	H01	H03	H0, 13
Stage 1	$P_1^{(1)}=1-\mathrm{\Phi }(Z_1^{(1)})$	$P_3^{(1)}=1-\mathrm{\Phi }(Z_3^{(1)})$	$P_{13}^{(1)}=S(P_1^{(1)},P_3^{(1)})$
Stage 2	$P_1^{(2)}=1-\mathrm{\Phi }(Z_1^{(2)})$	$P_3^{(2)}=1-\mathrm{\Phi }(Z_3^{(2)})$	$P_{13}^{(2)}=S(P_1^{(2)},P_3^{(2)})$
Combined	$P_1^{(c)}=W(P_1^{(1)},P_1^{(2)})$	$P_3^{(c)}=W(P_3^{(1)},P_3^{(2)})$	$P_{13}^{(c)}=W(P_{13}^{(1)},P_{13}^{(2)})$
	With enrichment
	H01	H03	H0, 13
Stage 1	$P_1^{(1)}=1-\mathrm{\Phi }(Z_1^{(1)})$	$P_3^{(1)}=1-\mathrm{\Phi }(Z_3^{(1)})$	$P_{13}^{(1)}=S(P_1^{(1)},P_3^{(1)})$
Stage 2	$P_1^{(2)}=1-\mathrm{\Phi }(Z_1^{(2)})$	—	$P_{13}^{(2)}=P_1^{(2)}$
Combined	$P_1^{(c)}=W(P_1^{(1)},P_1^{(2)})$	—	$P_{13}^{(c)}=W(P_{13}^{(1)},P_{13}^{(2)})$