TABLE 4.
Overview quantitative manikin metrics that apps provided to summarise manikin reports; in total, 12 apps provided at least one manikin metric
| Manikin metric | Metric definition | Apps that calculated the metric |
|---|---|---|
| Pain extent (n = 5) | ||
| % body manikin area affected | % of the total manikin that had been shaded with any intensity | GeoPain @ Home a ; Pain Tracker & Diary; Pain Diary & Forum CatchMyPain |
| Number of affected body manikin areas | Total number of pre‐defined body manikin segments or joints that had been selected with any intensity | Pain Scored; Pain Diary (Privacy Friendly) |
| Pain location (n = 6) | ||
| Body manikin area affected in a specified time period | Whether a pre‐defined body manikin segment or joint had been selected with any intensity yes/no in a time period | myVectra; RAPA – RA Patient Application |
| Frequency with which a body manikin area was affected in a specified time period | Number of times a pre‐defined body manikin segment or joint had been selected with any intensity in a time period | Pain Scored d ; Migraine Headache Diary HeadApp; RheumaBuddy; |
| Number of symptoms per affected body manikin area | Number of symptoms that users had selected for a pre‐defined body manikin segment | RA Monitor; |
| Pain intensity (n = 4) | ||
| Mean intensity across the body manikin | Weighted mean pain intensity across all shaded areas on the manikin b | GeoPain @ Home a ; Pain Tracker & Diary; |
| Mean intensity per affected body manikin area | Mean pain intensity for a specific body manikin area or pre‐defined segment |
GeoPain @ Home a , c ; Pain Diary & Forum CatchMyPain; The O Lab Pain Tracking |
| Composite metrics (n = 2) | ||
| P.A.I.N.S. score | Combines mean intensity and % body area affected, but the underlying formula is not specified | GeoPain @Home a |
| Pain score e | Not provided | Feel my Pain |
GeoPain @Home provided all metrics at the level of the full body manikin, as well as for 14 pre‐defined body parts (e.g. mouth, right hand, pelvis, etc.)
We assumed that apps calculated a weighted mean intensity, but only Pain Tracker & Diary explicitly stated this.
Displayed as colours in a summary manikin; colours referred to the original pain intensity scale of 0–10
Displayed as colours in a summary manikin; colours referred to three categories (low (<−1σ), medium (σ) and high (>1σ)). No explanation of what σ means in this context.
Presented as ‘'Your score x out of 10', with higher values reflecting a better state