Table 1.
Summary of recent publications regarding biomaterial-induced programming of cell behavior.
| Author | Biomaterial | Results | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physical Cues | |||
| Tijore et al. | Microchanneled gelatin | Elongation and myocardial differentiation of seeded MSCs Synchronized contraction of differentiated myoblasts |
(12) |
| Lee et al. | PEG hydrogels of varying stiffness (50–100 kPa) | Chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs in softer gels Differentiation into hypertrophic chondrocyte in stiffer gels through activation of WNT pathway |
(13) |
| Stukel et al. | PEG hydrogel of varying stiffness and RGD concentration (0.1–7.9 kPa; 1–2.5 mM) | Enhanced neural differentiation of iPSCs and neurite growth in soft gels (0.1–0.8 kPa) iPSCs more responsive to gel stiffness than RGD concentration |
(51) |
| Hadden et al. | Polyacrylamide hydrogel with varying stiffness gradients (0.5–8.2 kPa/mm) | Evidence of durotactic behavior of adipose-derived MSCs Observed migration of adipose-derived MSCs to migrate towards stiffer ends of the gel when cultured in gels with steeper gradient (8.2 kPa/mm) |
(53) |
| Chemical Cues | |||
| Visalakshan et al. | Tissue culture plates coated to modify hydrophilicity | Hydrophobic surfaces increased adsorption of immunoglobulins and induced pro-inflammatory response from macrophages Hydrophilic surfaces increased albumin adsorption and promoted anti-inflammatory responses |
(55) |
| Xu et al. | PLGA/Mg composite films | Acidic degradation of PLGA neutralized by basic degradation of Mg Increased osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells |
(14) |
| Boffito et al. | Polyurethane scaffold conjugated with laminin-1 or gelatin | Improved cardiac progenitor cell adhesion for both protein coatings Improved proliferation and differentiation into cardiomyocytes for laminin conjugated scaffolds |
(85) |
| Flora et al. | Elastin-like recombinamer-based hydrogel | Utilized gels that degrade at different rates to direct cell infiltration | (86) |
| Biological Cues | |||
| Bai et al. | PLGA/PLA composite scaffold to induce sequential factor delivery | VEGF and FGF-2 encapsulated in PLGA experienced faster initial delivery PDGF encapsulated in PLA experienced slower delivery Sequential delivery of these factors allowed rapid formation of vasculature in vivo |
(75) |
| Vaghasiya et al. | Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) coated with collagen | Drug payload loaded onto MSN and then coated with collagen to form a “capping layer” Collagen coating digested by MMPs in vivo, releasing drug payload, allowing on-demand delivery of drug based on physiological conditions |
(82) |
| Xu et al. | Matrigel hydrogel presenting chemoattractant gradient | Chemoattractant semaphoring 3A (Sema3A) loaded onto Matrigel and gradient was established Established Sema3A gradient attracted nearby neural progenitor cells to the gel and promoted neurogenesis |
(84) |
| Zhou et al. | Collagen hydrogel with graphene oxide | TGF-β3 adhered tightly to graphene oxide, while maintaining active conformation Encapsulated cells were exposed to TGF-β3 and displayed increased chondrogenic differentiation |
(87) |