figs1.

Figure S1. PLE fingerprint analysis. PLE and rosmarinic acid were analyzed using a Shimadzu Nexera-I LC-2040C-3D HPLC system (Kyoto, Japan) with a Cosmosil 5C18-MS-II HPLC column (4.6 × 250 mm; Nacalai Tesque, Inc., Kyoto, Japan). PLE (50 mg/mL) and rosmarinic acid (5 μg/mL) were filtered through a 0.22-μm filter before analysis. Solvents consisted of 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution and acetonitrile. An acetonitrile gradient elution was carried out at the following conditions: 15−40%, 0−18 min; 40−100%, 18−20 min; 100%, 20−25 min, 100−15%, 25−35 min. The flow rate was 1 mL/min, whereas the detection wavelength and the injection volume were 330 nm and 20 μL, respectively. (A) Rosmarinic acid was detected at a retention time of 12.800 min; (B) Rosmarinic acid in PLE was detected at a retention time of 12.808 min.