Table 3.
Relative risk for outcomes in the RBV/IFN-α group and the No RBV/IFN-α group after propensity-score matching (1:1).
| Variable | Progression to severe type (30 days) |
All-cause mortality (30 days) |
Length of hospital stay>15 days |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coxa |
Mixed-effect Modeld |
Coxb |
Mixed-effect Modeld |
Logisticc |
Mixed-effect Modeld |
|||||||
| aHR(95%CI) | P Value | aHR(95%CI) | P Value | aHR(95%CI) | P Value | aHR(95%CI) | P Value | aOR(95%CI) | P value | aOR(95%CI) | P value | |
| Overall analysis | ||||||||||||
| RBV/IFN-α vs no RBV/ IFN-α (ref) |
1.07(0.82−1.38) | 0.626 | 1.03(0.81−1.32) | 0.784 | 0.74(0.47−1.16) | 0.189 | 0.81(0.52−1.28) | 0.368 | 2.44(1.89−3.14) | <0.001 | 2.23(1.73−2.86) | <0.001 |
| RBV alone vs no RBV/IFN-α (ref) |
0.97(0.72−1.30) | 0.827 | 1.04(0.78−1.40) | 0.795 | 0.68(0.40−1.14) | 0.142 | 0.88(0.49−1.58) | 0.669 | 3.14(2.34−4.21) | <0.001 | 2.39(1.74−3.29) | <0.001 |
| IFNα alone vs no RBV/ IFN-α (ref) |
1.30(0.82−2.05) | 0.265 | 0.97(0.61−1.53) | 0.894 | 1.45(0.72−2.94) | 0.301 | 1.16(0.56−2.40) | 0.681 | 1.01(0.65−1.57) | 0.966 | 1.28(0.80−2.05) | 0.300 |
| RBV& IFN-α vs no RBV/IFN-α (ref) |
1.22(0.79−1.87) | 0.374 | 1.08(0.71−1.65) | 0.710 | 0.50(0.20−1.28) | 0.150 | 0.44(0.17−1.14) | 0.091 | 2.79(1.81−4.29) | <0.001 | 3.28(2.05−5.26) | <0.001 |
| Subgroup analysis | ||||||||||||
| RBV alone vs no RBV (ref) |
0.99(0.76−1.28) | 0.923 | 1.06(0.82−1.36) | 0.672 | 0.59(0.37−0.95) | 0.029 | 0.69(0.42−1.12) | 0.135 | 3.04(2.35−3.95) | <0.001 | 2.58(1.97−3.37) | <0.001 |
| IFN-α alone vs no IFN-α (ref) |
1.27(0.92−1.75) | 0.150 | 1.03(0.73−1.43) | 0.884 | 1.03(0.58−1.83) | 0.913 | 0.76(0.42−1.40) | 0.379 | 1.09(0.80−1.48) | 0.592 | 1.86(1.30−2.67) | 0.001 |
| RBV& IFN-α vs no RBV& IFN-α (ref) |
1.20(0.79−1.81) | 0.399 | 1.08(0.72−1.63) | 0.701 | 0.54(0.22−1.36) | 0.190 | 0.44(0.17−1.11) | 0.081 | 1.86(1.24−2.80) | 0.003 | 2.80(1.78−4.40) | <0.001 |
aHR = adjusted hazard ratio; aOR = adjusted odds ratio; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CLD = chronic liver disease; CKD = chronic kidney disease.
The propensity score-matched (1:1) cohort was established with adjusted age, fever, shortness of breath, CKD, antibiotic and corticosteroid therapies.
For the outcome of progression to severe type, Cox proportional hazards regression model was adjusted for the following variables: age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, COPD, CLD, CKD, antibiotic therapy, and corticosteroid therapy.
For the outcome of 30-day mortality, Cox proportional hazards regression model was adjusted for the following variables: age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, COPD, CLD, CKD, disease severity, antibiotic therapy and corticosteroid therapy.
For the outcome of length of hospital stay>15 days, Logistic regression was adjusted for the following variables: age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, COPD, CLD, CKD, disease severity, antibiotic therapy and corticosteroid therapy.
Site (hospital) was modeled as a random effect in the multivariate analyses of mixed-effect Cox model and Logistic regression.