Table 2.
Medications used in pediatric patients with PGx information in FDA-approved drug label.
| Medication | PGx biomarker | PGx on FDA labela | PGx data from pediatric studies (Y/N) | CPIC levelb | CPIC guideline (Y/N) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abacavir | HLA-B | Testing required | Nc | A | Y |
| Anastrazole | Estrogen receptor | Testing required | Nd | N/A | N |
| Aripiprazole | CYP2D6 | Actionable PGx | Nc | B | N |
| Arsenic trioxide | PML/RYRα | Testing required | Nc | N/A | N |
| Atomoxetine | CYP2D6 | Actionable PGx | Y | A | Y |
| Atorvastatin | LDL receptor | Informative PGx | Nc | D | N |
| Busulfan | Ph chromosome | Actionable PGx | Nc | N/A | N |
| Capecitabine | DPYD | Actionable PGx | Nc | A | Y |
| Carbamazepine | HLA-B | Actionable PGx | Nc | A | Y |
| Carglumic Acid | NAGS | Testing required | Y | B | N |
| Carisoprodol | CYP2C19 | Actionable PGx | Nc | B/C | N |
| Carvedilol | CYP2D6 | Actionable PGx | Nd | C | N |
| Celecoxib | CYP2C9 | Actionable PGx | Nc | B | Ne |
| Cetuximab | K-Ras, EGFR | Testing required | Nd | D | N |
| Chloroquine | G6PD | Actionable PGx | Nc | B | N |
| Citalopram | CYP2C19 | Actionable PGx | Nd | A | Y |
| Clobazam | CYP2C19 | Actionable PGx | Nc | C | N |
| Clomipramine | CYP2C19/CYP2D6 | Actionable PGx | Nc | B | Y |
| Clopidogrel | CYP2C19 | Actionable PGx | Nd | A | Y |
| Codeine | CYP2D6 | Actionable PGx | Nd | A | Y |
| Dapsone | G6PD | Actionable PGx | Nc | B | N |
| Diazepam | CYP2C19 | Actionable PGx | Nc | C | N |
| Drospirenone-ethinyl estradiol | CYP2C19 | Informative PGx | Nc | N/A | N |
| Elosulfase alfa | GALNS | Testing required | Y | N/A | N |
| Esomeprazole | CYP2C19 | Actionable PGx | Nd | B | Ne |
| Everolimus | HER2/Neu | Testing required | Nd | N/A | N |
| Fluoxetine | CYP2D6 | Informative PGx | Nc | C | N |
| Fluvoxamine | CYP2D6 | Actionable PGx | Nc | A | Y |
| Fulvestrant | Estrogen receptor | Testing required | Nd | N/A | N |
| Glimepiride | G6PD | Actionable PGx | Nc | B | N |
| Imatinib | C-kit, Ph Chromosome, PDGFR, FIP1L1-PDGFRα | Testing required | Nc | N/A | N |
| Irinotecan | UGT1A1 | Actionable PGx | Nd | A | N |
| Isoniazid-pyrazinamide-rifampin | NAT1-2 | Informative PGx | Nd | N/A | N |
| Ivacaftor | CFTR | Testing required | Y | A | Y |
| Lansoprazole | CYP2C19 | Informative PGx | Y | B | Ne |
| Mercaptopurine | TPMT, NUDT15 | Testing recommended | Nc | A | Y |
| Metoclopramide | CYB5R1-4 | Actionable PGx | Nd | D | N |
| Metoprolol | CYP2D6 | Actionable PGx | Nc | C | N |
| Modafinil | CYP2D6 | Actionable PGx | Nc | C | N |
| Mycophenolic acid | HPRT1 | Actionable PGx | Nc | B | N |
| Omeprazole | CYP2C19 | Actionable PGx | Y | B | Ne |
| Paroxetine | CYP2D6 | Informative PGx | Nc | A | Y |
| Perphenazine | CYP2D6 | Actionable PGx | Nc | B | N |
| Phenytoin | HLA-B | Actionable PGx | Nc | A | Y |
| Phenytoin | CYP2C19 | Actionable PGx | Nd | N/A | N |
| Phenytoin | CYP2C9 | Actionable PGx | Nd | A | Y |
| Pimozide | CYP2D6 | Testing required | Nc | B | N |
| Pantoprazole | CYP2C19 | Actionable PGx | Y | B | Ne |
| Pravastatin | LDL receptor | Informative PGx | Nc | N/A | N |
| Quinine | G6PD | Actionable PGx | Nc | B | N |
| Rabeprazole | CYP2C19 | Actionable PGx | Y | B | Ne |
| Rasburicase | G6PD | Testing required | Nc | A | Y |
| Risperidone | CYP2D6 | Informative PGx | Nc | B | N |
| Rosuvastatin | SLCO1B1 | Actionable PGx | Nd | C | N |
| Sevoflurane | RYR1 | Actionable PGx | Nd | A | Y |
| Sodium phenylacetate-Sodium benzoate | NAGS; CPS1; ASS1; OTC; ASL; ARG1 | Testing required | Y | N/A | N |
| Sodium phenylbutyrate | NAGS; CPS1; ASS1; OTC; ASL; ARG1 | Testing required | Y | N/A | N |
| Succimer | G6PD | Informative PGx | Nc | N/A | N |
| Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim | G6PD | Actionable PGx | Nc | B | N |
| Tamoxifen | CYP2D6 | Actionable PGx | Nd | A | Y |
| Thioguanine | TPMT, NUDT15 | Testing recommended | Nc | A | Y |
| Thioridazine | CYP2D6 | Actionable PGx | Nc | C | N |
| Tretinoin | PML/RARα | Testing required | Nc | N/A | N |
| Valproic acid | POLG | Testing required | Nc | B | N |
| Valproic acid | OTC | Actionable PGx | Nc | B | N |
| Venlafaxine | CYP2D6 | Actionable PGx | Nc | B | N |
| Voriconazole | CYP2C19 | Actionable PGx | Nc | A | Y |
| Warfarin | CYP2C9-VKORC1 | Actionable PGx | Nd | A | Y |
Note that only CPIC level A and B gene/drug pairs have sufficient evidence for at least one prescribing action to be recommended. CPIC level C and D gene/drug pairs are not considered to have adequate evidence or actionability to have prescribing recommendations. (https://cpicpgx.org/prioritization/#leveldef, accessed 13 May 2020).
aPharmGKB (https://pharmgkb.org, accessed 13 May 2020).
bThe CPIC levels (A, B, C, and D) assigned are subject to change; only those gene/drug pairs that have been the subject of guidelines have had sufficient in-depth review of evidence to provide definitive CPIC level assignments.
cSuitable to extrapolate adult data to pediatric patients [34].
dUnclear applicability of adult data to pediatric patients [34].
eCPIC proton pump inhibitor guideline under development (https://cpicpgx.org, accessed 20 Nov 2019).