Table 2.
Characteristics of the study population stratified by the hypertension status.
| Variable | Hypertensive (n = 227) |
Normotensive (n = 489) |
P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Women, n (%) | 126 (55.5) | 341 (69.7) | 0.0002 |
| Current smoking, n (%) | 57 (25.1) | 88 (18.0) | 0.03 |
| Alcohol intake, n (%) | 38 (16.7) | 44 (9.0) | 0.003 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 39 (17.2) | 37 (7.6) | 0.0001 |
| Age, years | 58.3 ± 10.4 | 48.9 ± 12.4 | < 0.0001 |
| Body height, cm | 161.3 ± 8.2 | 160.1 ± 7.8 | 0.48 |
| Body weight, kg | 66.3 ± 11.4 | 60.3 ± 10.2 | < 0.0001 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 25.4 ± 3.4 | 23.2 ± 3.1 | < 0.0001 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 89.7 ± 8.8 | 83.0 ± 8.9 | < 0.0001 |
| Hip circumference, cm | 98.6 ± 7.2 | 93.9 ± 7.0 | < 0.0001 |
| Total protein, g/L | 78.1 ± 7.7 | 76.8 ± 4.8 | 0.02 |
| Fasting blood glucose, mmol/L | 5.9 ± 1.8 | 5.5 ± 1.4 | 0.002 |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.9 ± 1.0 | 4.8 ± 0.9 | 0.19 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.4 ± 0.2 | 1.4 ± 0.2 | 0.31 |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 2.6 ± 0.7 | 2.6 ± 0.7 | 0.40 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.8 (1.3–2.4) | 1.4 (1.0–1.9) | 0.002 |
| GFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 87.1 ± 20.5 | 94.8 ± 17.6 | 0.006 |
| Serum klotho, pg/mL | 382 (185–947) | 382 (178–952) | 0.52 |
| Peripheral SBP, mmHg | 135.5 ± 17.2 | 111.2 ± 12.0 | < 0.0001 |
| Peripheral DBP, mmHg | 86.4 ± 11.7 | 72.9 ± 8.2 | < 0.0001 |
| Peripheral PP, mmHg | 49.1 ± 12.9 | 38.3 ± 8.7 | < 0.0001 |
| Central SBP, mmHg | 128.8 ± 18.2 | 109.8 ± 12.1 | < 0.0001 |
| Central DBP, mmHg | 87.3 ± 12.7 | 74.2 ± 8.8 | < 0.0001 |
| Central PP, mmHg | 41.0 ± 12.1 | 35.1 ± 6.7 | < 0.0001 |
| Pulse rate, beats/min | 72.6 ± 9.1 | 71.7 ± 8.6 | 0.20 |
| cfPWV, m/s | 11.9 ± 2.1 | 9.7 ± 1.5 | < 0.0001 |
Values are presented as means ± standard deviations, medians (interquartile ranges), or numbers (%).
cfPWV carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity, DBP diastolic blood pressure, GFR glomerular filtration rate, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, PP pulse pressure, SBP systolic blood pressure.