Table 1.

Physiologically active substances and the circulatory system regulators synthesized in the endothelium.

Vascular tone regulators
Vasoconstrictors	Vasodilators
Endothelin-1 and -2 Angiotensin II Thromboxane (ТХА2) Prostaglandins H2 and G2	Nitric oxide (NO) Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) Endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) Bradykinin C-type natriuretic peptide Adrenomedullin (ADM) Endothelin-3
Hemostasis and antithrombosis regulators
Prothrombogenic factors	Antithrombogenic factors
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) Von Willebrand factor (coagulation factor VIII) Angiotensin IV Endothelin-1	NO Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) Prostacyclin (PGI2)
Leukocyte adhesion regulators
Adhesion stimulants (E-selectin, P-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1)
Vascular growth regulators
Stimulants	Myocyte migration and proliferation inhibitors
Regulators of inflammation, vascular permeability, and apoptosis of vascular wall components
Stimulants	Inhibitors
Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) Superoxide radicals (О2–, OONO–) Protein kinase C (PKC)	NO