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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020 Aug 27;17(11):655–672. doi: 10.1038/s41575-020-0341-5
Brain Targets Approaches for Obesity Treatment
Cognitive Control

  • Cognitive behavioral therapy
Reward Processes

  • Topiramate + Phentermine

  • Bupropion + Naltrexone

  • GLP-1 agonists (e.g. Liraglutide)
Homeostatic Control

  • Serotonin modulators (e.g. Lorcaserin)

  • Amphetamine class (e.g. Phentermine)

  • GLP-1 agonists (e.g. Liraglutide)

  • Leptin agonists

  • Vagus nerve electrical modulation
Gut Remodeling

  • Bariatric surgery (e.g. RYGB, LSG)

  • Bariatric endoscopy (e.g. gastric balloons, gastric plication, gastric content aspiration)
Gut Absorption

  • Lipase inhibitors (e.g. Orlistat)

  • Mucosal barriers/ablation (e.g. duodenal sleeve)
Gut Microbiota

  • Prebiotics (e.g. oligofructose, oligosacharides)

  • Probiotics (e.g. Lactobacillus)

  • Bariatric surgery

  • Fecal transplant