Table 5.
Intercorrelations among working memory variables.
| V | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | — | .391 | .202 | .039 | .104 | .168 | .292 | .230 | .259 | .238 | .115 | −.026 | .215 | .195 | .130 | .078 | .291 | .242 | .269 | .323 | .182 | .188 | .233 | .170 | .291 | .267 |
| 2 | .000 | — | .216 | .105 | .056 | .246 | .160 | .195 | .069 | .056 | −.033 | .003 | .159 | .144 | .064 | −.003 | .160 | .227 | .317 | .253 | .038 | .064 | .224 | .134 | .143 | .089 |
| 3 | .012 | .007 | — | .381 | .102 | .309 | .482 | .435 | .215 | .340 | .262 | .063 | .242 | .290 | .101 | .066 | .232 | .225 | .452 | .446 | .372 | .370 | .397 | .446 | .465 | .362 |
| 4 | .629 | .192 | .000 | — | .147 | .274 | .332 | .338 | .257 | .230 | .177 | .167 | .247 | .253 | .152 | .231 | .050 | .126 | .314 | .145 | .267 | .209 | .196 | .338 | .167 | .120 |
| 5 | .194 | .485 | .212 | .070 | — | .236 | .198 | .174 | .291 | .162 | .046 | .121 | .175 | .197 | .081 | .218 | −.003 | .319 | .144 | .101 | .268 | .234 | .160 | .189 | .237 | .140 |
| 6 | .037 | .002 | .000 | .001 | .002 | — | .292 | .244 | .296 | .145 | .150 | .150 | .223 | .182 | .127 | .215 | .054 | .276 | .153 | .159 | .251 | .276 | .150 | .192 | .152 | .125 |
| 7 | .000 | .048 | .000 | .000 | .013 | .000 | — | .594 | .249 | .415 | .119 | .094 | .320 | .264 | .163 | .144 | .089 | .295 | .303 | .367 | .500 | .396 | .261 | .308 | .348 | .251 |
| 8 | .004 | .016 | .000 | .000 | .029 | .002 | .000 | — | .211 | .268 | .138 | .007 | .201 | .135 | .144 | .071 | .091 | .106 | .285 | .416 | .515 | .460 | .375 | .363 | .358 | .341 |
| 9 | .001 | .403 | .010 | .002 | .000 | .000 | .002 | .010 | — | .340 | .236 | .130 | .236 | .149 | .355 | .157 | .114 | .266 | .298 | .210 | .255 | .216 | .317 | .340 | .331 | .292 |
| 10 | .004 | .501 | .000 | .006 | .051 | .080 | .000 | .001 | .000 | — | .161 | .107 | .215 | .290 | .248 | .215 | .247 | .184 | .316 | .203 | .222 | .173 | .317 | .364 | .371 | .233 |
| 11 | .154 | .681 | .001 | .030 | .563 | .061 | .140 | .088 | .004 | .052 | — | .086 | .265 | .342 | .137 | .090 | .193 | .236 | .170 | .180 | .124 | .078 | .149 | .256 | .154 | .130 |
| 12 | .745 | .975 | .441 | .040 | .129 | .060 | .246 | .930 | .112 | .200 | .277 | — | .181 | .171 | .084 | .137 | .088 | .111 | .099 | .002 | .078 | .104 | .177 | .096 | .030 | .086 |
| 13 | .007 | .048 | .003 | .002 | .028 | .005 | .000 | .013 | .004 | .009 | .001 | .022 | — | .438 | .199 | .182 | .101 | .321 | .230 | .222 | .250 | .189 | .341 | .433 | .248 | .194 |
| 14 | .015 | .073 | .000 | .002 | .013 | .022 | .001 | .096 | .069 | .000 | .000 | .030 | .000 | — | .239 | .195 | .194 | .364 | .272 | .260 | .199 | .124 | .266 | .356 | .265 | .224 |
| 15 | .114 | .436 | .228 | .068 | .321 | .119 | .047 | .082 | .000 | .002 | .093 | .305 | .014 | .003 | — | .104 | .079 | .060 | .016 | .011 | .127 | .033 | .242 | .232 | .138 | .088 |
| 16 | .347 | .972 | .431 | .005 | .007 | .008 | .081 | .390 | .051 | .008 | .269 | .094 | .026 | .016 | .197 | — | −.137 | .196 | .010 | .000 | .044 | −.032 | −.054 | .036 | .111 | .064 |
| 17 | .000 | .044 | .004 | .537 | .975 | .507 | .274 | .264 | .166 | .003 | .016 | .278 | .209 | .016 | .337 | .096 | — | .116 | .250 | .241 | .140 | .164 | .171 | .169 | .157 | .121 |
| 18 | .002 | .004 | .005 | .119 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .193 | .001 | .027 | .003 | .168 | .000 | .000 | .470 | .017 | .145 | — | .200 | .257 | .155 | .162 | .106 | .164 | .107 | .076 |
| 19 | .001 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .074 | .056 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .034 | .221 | .004 | .001 | .843 | .908 | .002 | .012 | — | .682 | .424 | .432 | .428 | .438 | .378 | .362 |
| 20 | .000 | .001 | .000 | .071 | .212 | .047 | .000 | .000 | .010 | .015 | .025 | .976 | .005 | .001 | .898 | .998 | .002 | .001 | .000 | — | .377 | .406 | .354 | .360 | .365 | .329 |
| 21 | .023 | .634 | .000 | .001 | .001 | .001 | .000 | .000 | .001 | .007 | .120 | .328 | .002 | .012 | .120 | .594 | .082 | .053 | .000 | .000 | — | .773 | .451 | .470 | .518 | .472 |
| 22 | .019 | .428 | .000 | .010 | .003 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .008 | .036 | .329 | .194 | .018 | .121 | .685 | .695 | .041 | .043 | .000 | .000 | .000 | — | .365 | .360 | .405 | .397 |
| 23 | .003 | .005 | .000 | .016 | .044 | .060 | .001 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .060 | .025 | .000 | .001 | .003 | .512 | .034 | .190 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .000 | — | .778 | .453 | .416 |
| 24 | .034 | .097 | .000 | .000 | .017 | .016 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .001 | .227 | .000 | .000 | .004 | .658 | .035 | .041 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .000 | — | .487 | .422 |
| 25 | .000 | .074 | .000 | .039 | .003 | .056 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .054 | .704 | .002 | .001 | .090 | .172 | .051 | .186 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .000 | — | .783 |
| 26 | .001 | .267 | .000 | .141 | .079 | .115 | .002 | .000 | .000 | .005 | .103 | .282 | .014 | .005 | .283 | .436 | .133 | .347 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .000 | — |
Note. R values are reported in the upper triangle and p values in the lower triangle. Bolded values indicate p < .05. V = variable. Variable names are as follows:
1. Mispronunciation Detection Nouns 2 Syllables
2. Mispronunciation Detections Nouns 4 Syllables
3. Naming Nouns 2 Syllables
4. Naming Nouns 4 Syllables
5. Mispronunciation Detection Nouns Similar
6. Mispronunciation Detection Nouns Dissimilar
7. Naming Nouns Phonologically Similar
8. Naming Nouns Phonologically Dissimilar
9. Mispronunciation Detection Verbs
10. Naming Verbs
11. Visual Differences Decision Nouns Stationary
12. Visual Difference Decision Nouns Move
13. Visual Feature Recall Nouns Stationary
14. Visual Difference Recall Nouns Move
15. Visual Difference Decision Verbs
16. Visual Feature Recall Verbs
17. Visual Difference Decision Nouns Visually Similar
18. Visual Difference Decision Nouns Visually Dissimilar
19. Phonological–Visual Linking Nouns 2 Syllable
20. Phonological–Visual Linking Nouns 4 Syllable
21. Phonological–Visual Linking Nouns Phonologically Similar
22. Phonological–Visual Linking Nouns Phonologically Dissimilar
23. Phonological–Visual Verbs Stationary
24. Phonological–Visual Linking Verbs Move
25. Phonological–Visual Linking Nouns Visually Similar
26. Phonological–Visual Linking Nouns Visually Dissimilar