Table 1. Characteristics of studies include.
| Author /year | Size | Follow-up | Age | Study type | Interventions (no.) | Comparisons | Outcomes | Measures | Risk of bias |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Connolly/2009 | 18,113 | 2.0 y | 71 y | RCT | Dabigatran(110 mg) (n = 6015) | NOACs vs warfarin | all fracture, | risk ratio | low risk |
| (NCT00262600) | Dabigatran(150 mg) (n = 6076) | dabigatran(110 mg) vs warfarin | hip fracture, | ||||||
| warfarin (n = 6022) | dabigatran(150 mg) vs warfarin | vertebral fracture | |||||||
| Patel/2011 | 14,264 | 1.9 y | 73 y | RCT | Rivaroxaban(20 mg) (n = 7131) | NOACs vs warfarin | all fracture, | risk ratio | low risk |
| (NCT00403767) | warfarin (n = 7133) | rivaroxaban(20 mg) vs warfarin | hip fracture, | ||||||
| vertebral fracture | |||||||||
| Hori et al.,2012 | 1,278 | 1.5y | 71 y | RCT | rivaroxaban (15 mg) (n = 639) | NOACs vs warfarin | all fracture, | risk ratio | low risk |
| (NCT00494871) | warfarin (n = 639) | rivaroxaban(15 mg) vs warfarin | hip fracture, | ||||||
| vertebral fracture | |||||||||
| Granger/2013 | 18,201 | 1.8 y | 70 y | RCT | apixaban (5 mg) (n = 9120) | NOACs vs warfarin | all fracture, | risk ratio | low risk |
| (NCT00412984) | warfarin (n = 9081) | Apixaban(5 mg) vs warfarin | hip fracture, | ||||||
| vertebral fracture | |||||||||
| Giugliano/2013 | 21,105 | 2.8 y | 72 y | RCT | edoxaban (60 mg) (n = 7035) | NOACs vs warfarin | all fracture, | risk ratio | low risk |
| (NCT00781391) | edoxaban (30 mg) (n = 7034) | edoxaban (60 mg) vs warfarin | hip fracture, | ||||||
| warfarin (n = 7036) | edoxaban (30 mg) vs warfarin | vertebral fracture | |||||||
| Lau/2017 | 10,279 | 1.4 y | 74 y | Retr-cohort | dabigatran (n = 3, 298) | NOACs vs warfarin | hip fracture, | a IRR | low risk |
| warfarin (n = 6, 981) | dabigatran vs warfarin | vertebral fracture | |||||||
| Binding/2019 | 37,350 | 2.0 y | 73 y | Retr-cohort | NOACs (n = 25, 182) | NOACs vs warfarin | all fracture, | HR | low risk |
| warfarin (n = 12, 168) | hip fracture, | ||||||||
| osteoporotic fracture | |||||||||
| Lutsey/2019 | 167,275 | 1.4 y | 68.9 y | Retr-cohort | dabigatran (n = 31, 647) | NOACs vs warfarin | all fracture, | aHR | low risk |
| rivaroxaban (n = 35, 252) | dabigatran vs warfarin | hip fracture, | |||||||
| apixaban (n = 17, 751) | rivaroxaban vs warfarin | fracture require | |||||||
| warfarin (n = 82, 625) | apixaban vs warfarin | hospitalization | |||||||
| Huang/2020 | 22,131 | 2.4 y | 72 y | Retr-cohort | dabigatran (n = 5, 796) | NOACs vs warfarin | all fracture, | aHR | low risk |
| rivaroxaban (n = 7, 287) | dabigatran vs warfarin | hip fracture, | |||||||
| apixaban (n = 1, 761) | rivaroxaban vs warfarin | vertebral fracture | |||||||
| warfarin (n = 7, 287) | apixaban vs warfarin | Humerus/forearm/ wrist fractures | |||||||
| Lucenteforte et al., 2017 | 16,850 | 1.0 y | 71 y | Retr-cohort | NOACs (n = 2474) | NOACs vs warfarin | all fracture | aHR | medium |
| dabigatran (n = 1, 285) | dabigatran vs warfarin | risk | |||||||
| warfarin (n = 13, 091) |
Notes.
- aHR
- Adjusted hazard ratio
- a IRR
- Adjusted incidence rate ratio
- Retr-cohort
- Retrospective cohort