Table 2.

Characteristics of 40–49-year-old Japanese men by equol producing status (>83 nM) (n 274) in the Electron-Beam Computed Tomography and Risk Factor Assessment among Japanese and U.S. Men in the Post World War II Birth Cohort study from 2002 to 2007

(Mean values and standard deviations; medians and interquartile ranges (IQR); percentages are presented for continuous and categorical variables; 50th and 75th percentiles)

	Equol-producers (n 43)		Equol non-producers (n 231)
	Mean	sd	Mean	sd
Age (years)	45·7	2·6	44·9	2·9
BMI (kg/m2)	23·8	2·7	23·7	3·2
Systolic BP (mmHg)	123·3	16·7	124·4	15·7
Hypertension (%)	18·6		25·5
Total cholesterol (mmol/l)	5·7	0·9	5·6	0·9
LDL-cholesterol (mmol/l)	3·6	0·9	3·5	0·9
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l)	1·4	0·3	1·4	0·4
Glucose (mmol/l)
Median	5·9		5·7
IQR	5·6, 6·2		5·4, 6·1
C-reactive protein (nmol/l)
Median	2·7		3·5
IQR	1·4, 6·1		1·4, 6·8
Diabetes (%)	0·0		6·1
Current smokers (%)	41·9		48·5
Pack-years of smoking (years)
Median	18·0		17·3
IQR	2·8, 30·0		2·0, 28·0
Alcohol (g/d)
Median	20·0		12·0
IQR	2·9, 37·0		15·1, 36·0
n-3 Fatty acids (%)†	8·26	2·75	9·33	2·39*
Meat consumption ≥2-3 times/week	22·1		20·9
Education (years)
Median	16·0		16·0
IQR	12·0, 16·0		12·0, 16·0
Medication
Hypertension (%)	2·3		4·8
Lipid (%)	4·7		2·6
Exercise ≥1 h/week (%)	30·2		25·1
Dietary isoflavones (nm)‡
Median	803·7		449·8
IQR	278·9, 1346·6		186·7, 1030·7*
CCS
50th percentile	0·0		0·0
75th percentile	0·0, 1·03		0·0, 1·5
Prevalence of CCS ≥10 (%)	2·3		10·9

BP, blood pressure; CCS, coronary calcium scores.

^*Significant at <0·0.

^†n-3 Fatty acids were estimated as the sum of serum levels of EPA and DHA.

^‡Dietary isoflavones were estimated as the sum of serum levels of daidzein and genistein.