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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jan 28.
Published in final edited form as: J Econ Behav Organ. 2020 Aug 15;178:424–448. doi: 10.1016/j.jebo.2020.07.020

Table A5:

Adolescent Outcomes: School Problems Index and Components

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)
VARIABLES School Problems
Index
Absences Ever Suspended
from
Trouble with
School
Trouble paying
Attention
Trouble with
Homework
Trouble with
Students
Male 0.263***
(0.0384)
0.191
(0.229)
0.136***
(0.0140)
0.246***
(0.0376)
0.121***
(0.0369)
0.196***
(0.0450)
0.154***
(0.0341)
Male*No Father 0.179**
(0.0787)
1.017
(0.638)
0.0741***
(0.0263)
0.0779
(0.0688)
0.179**
(0.0790)
0.139
(0.0842)
−0.0190
(0.0653)
Male*Other Father 0.0466
(0.0884)
0.226
(0.443)
0.0682*
(0.0368)
−0.0158
(0.0920)
0.144
(0.0972)
−0.0212
(0.119)
−0.139
(0.0976)
No Father 0.175***
(0.0569)
0.856**
(0.404)
0.102***
(0.0191)
0.0956*
(0.0500)
0.107*
(0.0555)
0.114**
(0.0537)
0.0931
(0.0581)
Other Father 0.146**
(0.0702)
0.242
(0.355)
0.0366*
(0.0191)
0.0395
(0.0658)
0.0598
(0.0674)
0.192**
(0.0932)
0.141**
(0.0638)
Constant −0.999***
(0.353)
−12.87***
(2.082)
−0.505***
(0.143)
2.116***
(0.268)
−0.375
(0.326)
−0.420
(0.343)
2.411***
(0.302)
Observations 7,203 7,205 7,325 7,210 7,209 7,209 7,210
R-squared 0.050 0.049 0.120 0.034 0.030 0.029 0.022
Mean of dependent variable 0.000 1.686 0.207 0.862 1.313 1.220 0.883
Mother’s characteristics YES YES YES YES YES YES YES

Note: Robust standard errors in parentheses. Standard errors clustered by school.

***

p<0.01

**

p<0.05

*

p<0.1. “No Father” and “Other Father” refer to living arrangements at Wave I. “School problems” is a standardized index based on factor analysis of the other variables in this table. “Absences” is student-reported absences without excuse in past year, “trouble” variables from student-reported experiences from 0=never to 4=every day. Mothers characteristics include education and dummies for foreign-born and young mother (under 22). All models include birth cohort. All models are weighted by Wave I weights.