Table A1:

Sample Selection: Add Health Sample

	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)
	Full Sample	With Complete Data	White Non-Hispanic Subsample	Living with Biological Mother	With Wave IV Data
Mother’s Education: High School Degree	0.40 (0.49)	0.41 (0.49)	0.44 (0.50)	0.44 (0.50)	0.44 (0.50)
Mother’s Education: Some College	0.18 (0.38)	0.18 (0.39)	0.19 (0.39)	0.20 (0.40)	0.20 (0.40)
Mother’s Education: College Degree or More	0.24 (0.42)	0.23 (0.42)	0.25 (0.43)	0.26 (0.44)	0.26 (0.44)
Young Mother	0.11 (0.31)	0.12 (0.33)	0.11 (0.32)	0.12 (0.33)	0.15 (0.36)
Foreign Mother	0.15 (0.35)	0.12 (0.33)	0.04 (0.19)	0.04 (0.19)	0.03 (0.18)
No Father	0.30 (0.46)	0.31 (0.46)	0.23 (0.42)	0.23 (0.42)	0.22 (0.42)
Other Father	0.10 (0.30)	0.10 (0.30)	0.10 (0.31)	0.10 (0.30)	0.10 (0.30)
Family Income at Baseline Survey	45.73 (51.62)	45.73 (51.03)	52.53 (54.67)	53.56 (55.58)	53.50 (54.98)
Low Birth Weight	0.10 (0.31)	0.10 (0.30)	0.08 (0.28)	0.08 (0.27)	0.08 (0.27)
Male	0.49 (0.50)	0.49 (0.50)	0.49 (0.50)	0.49 (0.50)	0.47 (0.50)
Age at Baseline Survey	15.10 (1.75)	15.11 (1.74)	15.04 (1.73)	14.98 (1.72)	14.98 (1.72)
Number of Observations	20745	17320	10227	8916	7327

Note: This table reports summary statistics for the Add Health sample. The first column is the full Add Health Wave I sample. The second column drops the observations without race/ethnicity data, or without Wave I sample weights. The third column further drops the observations that are not White Non-Hispanic. The fourth column keeps only those living with biological mother at Wave I, and with non-missing maternal characteristics. The fifth column keeps the observations that are still in the sample at Wave IV survey. The sample shown in column (5) is the main sample investigated in this paper.