Table 1.

Prevalence, severity rating, number of publications (2000–2009), number of publications (2010–2019), percentage of change from one decade to the next, estimated number of affected children in the United States, and publication index for each condition, ordered by prevalence.

Disorder	Prevalence per 100 a	Mean severity a	No. of pubs (2000–2009)	No. of pubs (2010–2019)	% Change b	No. of cases in U.S. (2019) c	Pub index d
Lesch–Nyhan syndrome	0.0005	4	76	73	−3.95	369	19.78
Lowe syndrome	0.0005	4	72	111	54.17	369	30.08
Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome	0.0008	3.5	116	203	75.00	590	34.38
Cornelia de Lange syndrome	0.0014	4	220	323	46.82	1,033	31.26
Cri du chat syndrome	0.002	4	60	89	48.33	1,476	6.03
Galactosemia	0.002	2.5	305	336	10.16	1,476	22.76
Angelman syndrome	0.004	3.79	349	543	55.59	2,952	18.39
Williams syndrome	0.0044	3.31	787	1,125	42.95	3,247	34.65
Marfan syndrome	0.0067	1.5	930	1,598	71.83	4,945	32.32
Prader–Willi syndrome	0.0067	3.17	970	1,209	24.64	4,945	24.45
Rett syndrome	0.008	3.94	946	1,524	61.10	5,904	25.81
PKU	0.01	2	1,276	1,641	28.61	7,380	22.24
Duchenne muscular dystrophy	0.0143	2.5	1,436	3,929	173.61	10,553	37.23
Tuberous sclerosis	0.0167	2.69	1,432	2,464	72.07	12,325	19.99
Trisomy 18	0.025	3.7	251	347	38.25	18,450	1.88
Velocardiofacial syndrome	0.025	2.72	589	1,062	80.31	18,450	5.76
Turner syndrome	0.04	1.94	1,017	1,548	52.21	29,520	5.24
XYY	0.0545	2	86	101	17.44	40,221	0.25
XXX	0.055	1.5	31	35	12.90	40,590	0.09
Noonan syndrome	0.0571	2.5	399	687	72.18	42,140	1.63
Fragile X syndrome	0.0615	3.57	937	2,554	172.57	45,387	5.63
Kinefelter syndrome	0.086	1.83	430	805	87.21	63,468	1.27
Fetal alcohol syndrome	0.1	2.58	576	748	29.86	73,800	1.01
Cerebral palsy	0.15	2.5	4,367	9,226	111.27	110,700	8.33
Down syndrome	0.1667	3.44	5,224	7,677	46.96	123,025	6.24
Neurofibromatosis type 1	0.308	2	1,028	1,994	93.97	227,304	0.88
Tourette syndrome	0.5	1.25	952	1,480	55.46	369,000	0.40
Autism spectrum disorder	0.65	2.9	12,267	38,110	210.67	479,700	7.94
Developmental dyscalculia	3	1.56	81	137	69.14	2,214,000	0.01
ADHD	5	1.95	10,686	19,992	87.09	3,690,000	0.54
Intellectual disability	5.5	2.75	7,792	11,338	45.51	4,059,000	0.28
Developmental dyslexia	6	1.9	2,151	3,047	41.66	4,428,000	0.07
Developmental coordination disorder	6.5	1.5	291	764	162.54	4,797,000	0.02
Developmental language disorder	7.4	2.15	861	1,388	61.21	5,461,200	0.03
Speech sound disorder	10	1.69	280	523	86.79	7,380,000	0.01

Note. PKU = phenylketonuria; ADHD = attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

^a As reported in Bishop (2010).

^b Formula: [(#2010to19 pubs − #2000to09 pubs)/#2000to09 pubs] × 100.

^c Formula: (73,800,000 U.S. children × prevalence per 100)/100; source: https://www.childstats.gov/americaschildren/tables/pop1.asp.

^d Number of publications in the decade 2010–2019 per 100 affected cases in the United States based on the population of 73.8 million: (#pubs)/(#cases/100).