Table 1. Baseline demographic characteristics and anthropometric measurements of completers.
| Characteristic | Completers | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Usual care group (n = 50) | Exercise group (n = 59) | Nutritional group (n = 54) | ||
| Age, years | 11.3±2.00 | 11.0±2.28 | 11.4±2.11 | 0.58 |
| Age, years | 0.16 | |||
| 6–9 | 12 (24.0) | 24 (40.7) | 17 (31.5) | |
| 10–14 | 37 (74.0) | 32 (54.2) | 32 (59.3) | |
| 15–17 | 1 (2.0) | 3 (5.1) | 5 (9.3) | |
| Sex, No. (%) | 0.16 | |||
| Male | 30 (60.0) | 30 (50.8) | 37 (68.5) | |
| Female | 20 (40.0) | 29 (49.2) | 17 (31.5) | |
| Parental obesity, No. (%) (n = 43 / 52 / 50) | 0.11 | |||
| None | 6 (14.0) | 7 (13.5) | 14 (28.0) | |
| Either | 37 (86.0) | 45 (86.5) | 36 (72.0) | |
| Parental CVD history, No. (%) (n = 39 / 50 / 51) | 0.37 | |||
| None | 16 (41.0) | 22 (44.0) | 28 (54.9) | |
| Either | 23 (59.0) | 28 (56.0) | 23 (45.1) | |
| Parental education, No. (%) (n = 44 / 55 / 48) | 0.92 | |||
| < College (both) | 10 (22.7) | 11 (20.0) | 11 (22.9) | |
| ≥ College (either) | 34 (77.3) | 44 (80.0) | 37 (77.1) | |
| Monthly household income, No. (%) (n = 48 / 59 / 51) | 0.77 | |||
| < 3 million KRW | 6 (12.5) | 11 (18.6) | 9 (17.6) | |
| 3–5 million KRW | 18 (37.5) | 25 (42.4) | 22 (43.1) | |
| ≥ 5 million KRW | 24 (50.0) | 23 (39.0) | 20 (39.2) | |
| Living with both parents, No. (%) (n = 48 / 59 / 51) | 0.54 | |||
| Yes | 44 (91.7) | 50 (84.7) | 44 (86.3) | |
| No | 4 (8.33) | 9 (15.3) | 7 (13.7) | |
| Birth weight, kg (n = 49 / 55 / 50) | 3.33±0.52 | 3.41±0.43 | 3.36±0.52 | 0.66 |
| Body weight, kg | 66.7±19.3 | 65.2±16.8 | 68.4±19.0 | 0.65 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.2±4.09 | 28.5±4.35 | 28.6±4.32 | 0.91 |
| BMI z-score | 2.27±0.51 | 2.39±0.52 | 2.27±0.48 | 0.34 |
| %BMIp95th, %a | 115±1.13 | 118±1.13 | 115±1.12 | 0.38 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 87.2±11.9 | 86.9±10.7 | 89.9±10.4 | 0.29 |
| Body fat, kg | 27.9±8.58 | 27.1±7.96 | 28.5±8.99 | 0.68 |
| Body fat, % | 42.1±3.92 | 41.8±4.67 | 41.8±3.70 | 0.91 |
| Lean mass, kg | 36.5±10.8 | 35.7±9.33 | 37.5±9.67 | 0.62 |
| SBP, mmHg | 119±12.2 | 119±13.3 | 120±15.9 | 0.88 |
| DBP, mmHg | 68.8±8.74 | 67.8±10.3 | 69.5±9.61 | 0.65 |
Abbreviations: CVD, cardiovascular disease; KRW, Korean Republic Won; BMI, body mass index; %BMIp95th, percentage of the 95th percentile of age- and sex-specific body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure.
Data are presented as mean±standard deviation for continuous variables (one-way analysis of variance test) and number (%) for categorical variables (χ2 test). Percentages have been rounded up and may not total to 100.
aGeometric mean±standard deviation.