. 2021 Jan 28;16(1):e0245875. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245875

Table 2. Baseline laboratory test results, lifestyle measurements, and fitness test results of completers.

Characteristic	Completers			p-value
Characteristic	Usual care group (n = 50)	Exercise group (n = 59)	Nutritional group (n = 54)	p-value
HOMA-IR^a	3.79±1.70	4.06±1.80	3.98±1.50	0.78
TC, mg/dL	178±26.6	178±25.2	170±28.6	0.39
HDL-C, mg/dL	50.6±10.8	51.4±12.5	48.7±9.82	0.43
LDL-C, mg/dL	115±23.0	112±23.2	110±25.9	0.58
TG, mg/dL^a	97.0±1.62	102±1.51	104±1.64	0.72
AST, U/L^a	23.0±1.56	23.4±1.57	26.1±1.61	0.32
ALT, U/L^a	22.2±1.97	23.9±2.17	29.5±2.29	0.14
GGT, U/L^a	19.4±1.41	20.1±1.52	23.6±1.72	0.061
CRP, mg/L^a	1.36±2.10	1.42±2.40	1.79±2.18	0.18
Adiponectin, μg/mL^a	8.25±1.45	7.00±1.51	8.15±1.55	0.061
Total energy intake, kcal^a	2112±1.30	2089±1.26	2205±1.23	0.45
Sleep time, hours (n = 48 / 53 / 50)	8.69±3.28	8.06±2.35	8.44±2.25	0.48
Inactivity time, hours (n = 43 / 46 / 50)^a	2.27±1.83	2.67±2.01	2.47±1.90	0.50
Activity level, MET-minutes/week (n = 42 / 47 / 47)^a	1749±3.55	1657±2.58	2655±2.84	0.077
Step test, post exam HR, BPM (n = 49 / 58 / 53)	112±17.8	117±16.3	112±16.0	0.28
Chest press, 1-RM, kg (n = 50 / 59 / 54)	28.8±10.7	29.4±11.7	29.5±11.3	0.93
Leg extension, 1-RM, kg (n = 50 / 58 / 54)	43.4±18.6	44.1±19.4	44.8±18.4	0.93

Abbreviations: HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance; TC, total cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; MET, metabolic equivalents (1 MET: oxygen consumption of 3.5 mL/kg/minute); HR, heart rate; BPM, beats per minute; RM, repetition maximum.

HOMA-IR = (Fasting Plasma Glucose Level (mg/dL) × Fasting Plasma Insulin Level (μU/mL)) / 405.

Data are expressed as mean±standard deviation unless otherwise indicated.

^aGeometric mean±standard deviation.