Dose- and time-dependent effects of TNF-α on the production of CYR61 in GO orbital fibroblasts. (a) GO orbital fibroblasts were treated with different concentrations of TNF-α (0, 10, 20, and 50 ng/ml) for 6 h. CYR61 mRNA expression was detected by real-time PCR. (b) GO orbital fibroblasts were treated with 10 ng/ml TNF-α for 0, 6, 18, and 24 h. CYR61 mRNA expression was detected by real-time PCR. (c) GO orbital fibroblasts were treated with different concentrations of TNF-α (0, 10, 20, and 50 ng/ml) for 18 h. CYR61 protein production was examined by western blot analysis. (d) GO orbital fibroblasts were treated with 20 ng/ml TNF-α for 0, 6, 18, and 24 h. CYR61 protein production was examined by western blot analysis. Data are presented as mean ± SD of at least three independent experiments. ∗p < 0.05.