Table 2.

Knowledge and behaviors of handwashing and defecation by use of health technology among Indonesian women in Banyuasin, Kubu Raya, and Katingan in 2018.

Knowledge and behavior			Health technology use		P-valuea
			Yes, n (%) N=276	No, n (%) N=1458
Handwashing
	Know at least one benefit of proper handwashing		253 (91.67)	1179 (80.86)	<.001
	Know that handwashing can
		Prevent germ transmission	239 (86.59)	1076 (73.80)	<.001
		Decrease diarrhea	49 (17.75)	188 (12.89)	.03
		Prevent infection	19 (6.88)	98 (6.72)	.92
	Know handwashing should occur
		After defecation	206 (74.64)	994 (68.18)	.03
		After cleaning baby/infant who defecated	108 (39.13)	638 (43.76)	.15
		Before preparing meals	147 (53.26)	758 (51.99)	.70
		Before eating meals	249 (90.22)	1199 (82.24)	.001
		Before breastfeeding/feeding child	135 (48.91)	594 (40.74)	.012
	Mean (SD) number of critical handwashing times participant identified (0-5)		3.1 (1.20)	2.87 (1.40)	.02b
	Mean (SD) number of times soap was used for handwashing since yesterday until today (0-5)		2.6 (1.30)	2.5 (1.30)	.25b
Defecation
	Know the risks of open defecation		227 (82.25)	1079 (74.01)	.004
	Know about transmission of germs/Escherichia coli bacteria		176 (63.77)	775 (53.16)	<.001
	Know about causes of diarrhea		91 (32.97)	399 (27.37)	.06
	Know mode of disease transmission from
		Stool	191 (69.20)	791 (54.25)	<.001
		Flies	149 (53.99)	562 (38.55)	<.001
		Water	59 (21.38)	258 (17.70)	.15
		Dirt	22 (7.97)	77 (5.28)	.08
	Know hygienic location for defecation		273 (98.91)	1377 (94.44)	.002
	Household uses gooseneck toilet or squat toilet with or without floor to defecate or septic tank or closed ground to discard feces		244 (88.41)	968 (66.39)	<.001

^aUsed chi-square test unless otherwise noted.

^bUsed t test.