TABLE 1.
Candidate genes for sex determination with or without functional validation in different dioecious plant species.
| Species | Original gene name | Function of ortholog/original name | Species of ortholog | Reference |
| Actinidia deliciosa | Shy girl | ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATOR 24 (ARR24) | Arabidopsis thaliana | Akagi et al., 2018, 2019 |
| Friendly boy | FAS1 DOMAIN PROTEIN (FAS1) | Nicotiana benthamiana | ||
| Asparagus officinalis | SOFF | DOMAIN OF UNKNOWN FUNCTION 247 (DUF247) | Medicago truncatula | Harkess et al., 2017, 2020 |
| aspTDF1 | DEFECTIVE IN TAPETAL DEVELOPMENT AND FUNCTION 1 (TDF1) | Arabidopsis thaliana | ||
| Diospyros lotus | MeGI | HOMEODOMAIN LEUCINE ZIPPER CLASS (HD-Zip I) PROTEIN (HB40) | Hordeum vulgare | Akagi et al., 2014 |
| Fragaria virginiana, Fragaria chiloensis | GMEW | GDP-MANNOSE 3,5-EPIMERASE 2 (GMEW) | Not applicable | Tennessen et al., 2018 |
| RPP0W | 60S ACIDIC RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN P0 (RPP0W) | Not applicable | ||
| Ginkgo biloba | Gb_15883 | ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATOR 12 (ARR12) | Arabidopsis thaliana | Zhang et al., 2019 |
| Gb_15884 | ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATOR 2 (ARR2) | Arabidopsis thaliana | ||
| Gb_15885 | EARLY FLOWERING 6 (ELF6) | Arabidopsis thaliana | ||
| Gb_15886 | BRASSINOSTEROID-RELATED ACYLTRANSFERASE1 (BAT 1) | Arabidopsis thaliana | ||
| Gb_28587 | AGAMOUS-LIKE 6 (AGL6) | Arabidopsis thaliana | ||
| Nepenthes gracilis, Nepenthes rafflesiana, Nepenthes pervillei | DYT1 | DYSFUNCTIONAL TAPETUM 1 (DYT1) | Arabidopsis thaliana | Scharmann et al., 2019 |
| SEP 1 | SEPALLATA1 (SEP1) | Arabidopsis thaliana | ||
| Phoenix dactylifera | CYP | CYTOCHROME P450 HYDROXYLASE (CYP703A3) | Oryza sativa | Torres et al., 2018 |
| GPAT3-like | GLYCEROL-3-PHOSPHATE ACYLTRANSFERASE 3-LIKE (GPAT3) | Oryza sativa | ||
| LOG | LONELY GUY (LOG) | Oryza sativa | ||
| Populus tremula, Populus alba | ARR17 | ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATOR 17 (ARR17) | Arabidopsis thaliana | Müller et al., 2020 |
| Silene latifolia | SlAP3 | APETALA 3 (AP3) | Arabidopsis thaliana | Cegan et al., 2010 |
| SlSTM | SHOOT MERISTEMLESS (STM) | Arabidopsis thaliana | Zluvova et al., 2006 | |
| SlCUC | CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON 1 and 2 (CUC1/CUC2) | Arabidopsis thaliana | ||
| Salix purpurea | SpRR9 (ARR17) | ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATOR 17 (ARR17) | Arabidopsis thaliana | Zhou et al., 2020a |
| Vitis vinifera | VviINP1 | INAPERTURATE POLLEN 1 (INP1) | Arabidopsis thaliana | Massonnet et al., 2020 |
| APRT3 | ADENINEPHOSPHORIBOSYL TRANSFERASE (APT3) | Arabidopsis thaliana | ||
| VviYABBY3 | YABBY DOMAIN CLASS TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR (YAB1) | Arabidopsis thaliana |