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Under normoxia, HIF-α is hydroxylated by PHDs, which target HIF-α for von Hippel - Lindau protein degradation. Under hypoxic conditions, through inflammation or oxidative stress, HIF-α transcription is induced via NF-κ dependent mechanism. HIF-α is located in the cell nucleus and binds to the β unit and serves as a transcription factor, e.g. for iNOS.
