. 2020 Nov 24;19(2):1599–1607. doi: 10.1007/s40200-020-00699-7

Table 4.

Effect of POL and POL-NPs on the levels of pro- and anti- inflammatory cytokines in STZ-induced diabetic rats

Group	TNF-α pg/ml	IL-6 pg/ml	IL-18 pg/ml	IL-10 pg/ml
Parameter	TNF-α pg/ml	IL-6 pg/ml	IL-18 pg/ml	IL-10 pg/ml
Control	35.60 ± 1.18	62.73 ± 0.81	27.33 ± 0.56	145.58 ± 1.50
Diabetic	113.80 ± 4.94***	136.40 ± 1.24***	108.10 ± 2.22***	77.03 ± 1.42***
Diabetic + POL	64.30 ± 1.69⁺⁺⁺	83.97 ± 1.44⁺⁺⁺	65.30 ± 0.70⁺⁺⁺	116.20 ± 1.52⁺⁺⁺
Diabetic + POL-NPs	43.40 ± 2.76^+++$$$	69.57 ± 2.50^+++$$$	45.80 ± 0.86^+++$$$	132.50 ± 3.98^+++$$$

Values were expressed as mean ± standard error. ***P < 0.001, compared with normal control group. ⁺⁺⁺P < 0.001, compared with diabetic group. ^$$$P < 0.001, compared with diabetic group treated with POL (Diabetic + POL). STZ: streptozotocin, POL: polydatin, POL-NPs: polydatin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles, IL-18, IL-10, IL-6: interleukin-18, 10, 6 respectively, TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-alpha