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Overlapping sphincteroplasty. ( A ) Incision over perineal body. ( B ) Division of scar. ( C ) Reapproximation of internal sphincter muscle, if separately identifiable. ( D ) Overlapping repair of external sphincter. ( E ) Partial closure of wound. Reprinted with permission from Abcarian H, ed. Anal Fistula: Principles and Management. New York, NY: Springer; 2014:153.
