Table 3.

Clinical characteristics of probable migraine and migraine according to the presence of cutaneous allodynia.

	PM			Migraine
	PM with CA, N = 42	PM without CA, N = 247	p-value†	Migraine with CA, N = 20	Migraine without CA, N = 105	p-value†
Headache frequency per month	3.3 ± 4.3	1.8 ± 3.6	0.017	5.6 ± 8.4	2.1 ± 3.5	0.857
Headache intensity (Visual Analogue Scale)	6.0 (4.0–7.0)*	5.0 (3.0–6.0)*	0.002	7.0 (6.0–7.0)*	6.0 (5.0–7.0)*	0.033
Attack duration (hours)	2.2 ± 0.9	1.5 ± 1.1	< 0.001	9.1 ± 7.8	7.6 ± 6.6
Unilateral pain	19 (45.2)	145 (58.6)	0.097	14 (70.0)	73 (69.5)	0.937
Aggravation by movement	27 (64.3)	86 (34.8)	< 0.001	11 (55.0)	48 (45.7)	0.501
Pulsating quality	31 (73.8)	197 (86.4)	0.337	15 (75.0)	87 (82.8)	0.547
Nausea	38 (90.5)	230 (93.1)	0.467	19 (95.0)	93 (88.6)	0.448
Vomiting	19 (45.2)	117 (47.4)	0.828	12 (60.0)	44 (41.9)	0.168
Photophobia	25 (59.5)	67 (27.1)	0.017	8 (40.0)	37 (35.2)	0.755
Phonophobia	29 (69.0)	112 (45.3)	0.007	11 (55.0)	55 (52.4)	0.917
Osmophobia	21 (50.0)	95 (38.5)	0.202	7 (35.0)	41 (39.0)	0.624
Depression (PHQ-9 score) ≥ 10	22 (52.4)	40 (16.2)	< 0.001	7 (35.0)	17 (16.2)	0.047
PHQ-9 score	11.1 ± 5.5	7.8 ± 3.5	0.150	8.6 ± 4.9	7.9 ± 3.7	0.520
Anxiety (GAD-7 score) ≥ 7	14 (33.3)	13 (5.3)	< 0.001	9 (45.0)	11 (10.5)	< 0.001
GAD-7 score	4.7 ± 5.0	2.0 ± 2.6	0.312	6.6 ± 5.4	2.2 ± 2.8	< 0.001
HIT-6 score	56.3 ± 7.2	48.3 ± 8.0	< 0.001	61.5 ± 9.2	51.4 ± 7.9	< 0.001
MIDAS score	1.0 (0.0–10.0)*	0.0 (0.0–1.0)*	0.029	5.0 (2.0–13.8)*	0.0 (0.0–2.0)*	< 0.001
Body mass index	23.1 ± 2.4	23.0 ± 2.6	0.625	22.7 ± 2.5	22.8 ± 2.5	0.116

PM: probable migraine, CA: cutaneous allodynia, MIDAS: migraine disability assessment, HIT-6: Headache Impact Test-6, PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire-9, GAD-7: Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7.

*Median and interquartile range.

^†Compared using linear regression analyses with age and sex (year, continuous) adjustment.