Figure 5.

Features selection using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method. (A) Tuning parameter (λ) selection in the LASSO model used five-fold cross-validation via minimum criteria. The partial likelihood deviance (binomial deviance) curve was plotted vs. log(λ). Dotted vertical lines were drawn at the optimal values by using the minimum criteria and the 1 standard error of the minimum criteria (the 1-SE criteria). (B) LASSO coefficient profiles of the 16 covariates. A coefficient profile plot was produced against the log (λ) sequence. Vertical line was drawn at the value selected using five-fold cross-validation, where optimal λ resulted in 5 non-zero coefficients.