Table 3.

Presence of antibacterial substances, nitrofuran metabolites and other chemicals (ANCs) in fish flesh.

ANCs	Residues of ANCs	Acceptable limit (set by EU)	Pangasius ponds (n = 15)		Tilapia ponds (n = 15)
			Old (n = 8)	New (n = 7)	Old (n = 9)	New (n = 6)
Antibacterial substances	Chloramphenicol	0.0 ppb	0	0	0	0
	Tetracycline	100 ppb	<100	<100	<100	<100
	Oxytetracycline	100 ppb	<100	<100	<100	<100
	Chlortetracycline	100 ppb	<100	<100	<100	<100
Nitrofuran metabolites	Furazolidon metabolite (AOZ)	0.0 ppb	0	0	0	0
	Furaltadon metabolite (AMOZ)	0.0 ppb	0	0	0	0
	Nitrofurantoin metabolite (AHD)	0.0 ppb	0	0	0	0
	Nitrofurazon metabolite (SEM)	0.0 ppb	0	0	0	0
Organochlorine pesticides	Aldrin	0.005 ppm	NF	NF	NF	NF
	DDT	1.00 ppm	NF	NF	NF	NF
	Heptachlor	0.005 ppm	NF	NF	NF	NF
	Dieldrin	0.005 ppm	NF	NF	NF	NF
	Endrin	0.01 ppm	NF	NF	NF	NF
Dyes	Malachite green	0.0 ppb	0	0	0	0
	Leuco-malachite green	0.0 ppb	0	0	0	0
	Crystal violet	0.0 ppb	0	0	0	0
	Leuco-crystal violet	0.0 ppb	0	0	0	0
Heavy metals	Lead (Pb)	0.30 ppm	1.95 ± 0.03	1.30 ± 0.21	1.35 ± 0.19	1.34 ± 0.08
	Cadmium (Cd)	0.05 ppm	0.01	<0.005	0.01	<0.005
	Mercury (Hg)	0.50 ppm	NF	NF	NF	NF
	Chromium (Cr)	0.01 ppm	<0.09	0.54 ± 0.02	0.20 ± 0.01	<0.09

NF = Not found.