Table 2.
Participant experiences during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemica
| PHQ-4: anxiety subscale ≥ 3 | PHQ-4: depression subscale ≥ 3 | PTSD symptoms: IES-R ≥ 33 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes, n (%) | No, n (%) | Pb | Yes, n (%) | No, n (%) | Pb | Yes, n (%) | No, n (%) | Pb | |
| Total | 906 (34.3) | 1732 (65.7) | – | 824 (31.2) | 1814 (68.8) | – | 647 (24.5) | 1991 (75.5) | – |
| Adequate PPE availability | |||||||||
| Reported adequate PPE | 406 (28.0) | 1046 (72.0) | <0.001 | 371 (25.6) | 1081 (74.4) | <0.001 | 272 (18.7) | 1180 (81.3) | <0.001 |
| Did not report adequate PPEc | 500 (42.2) | 686 (57.8) | 453 (38.2) | 733 (61.8) | 375 (31.6) | 811 (68.4) | |||
| Well-being support available at work | |||||||||
| Reported availability | 634 (30.7) | 1430 (69.3) | <0.001 | 565 (27.4) | 1499 (72.6) | <0.001 | 425 (20.6) | 1639 (79.4) | <0.001 |
| Did not report availabilityd | 272 (47.4) | 302 (52.6) | 259 (45.1) | 315 (54.9) | 222 (38.7) | 352 (61.3) | |||
| Redeployment | |||||||||
| Reported redeploymente | 320 (36.7) | 553 (63.3) | 0.079 | 276 (31.6) | 597 (68.4) | 0.767 | 274 (31.4) | 599 (68.6) | <0.001 |
| Did not report redeploymentf | 586 (33.2) | 1179 (66.8) | 548 (31) | 1217 (69) | 373 (21.1) | 1392 (78.9) | |||
| Increased working hours | |||||||||
| Reported increase | 348 (34.3) | 667 (65.7) | 0.96 | 331 (32.6) | 684 (67.4) | 0.228 | 273 (26.9) | 742 (73.1) | 0.025 |
| Did not report increaseg | 558 (34.4) | 1065 (65.6) | 493 (30.4) | 1130 (69.6) | 374 (23) | 1249 (77) | |||
| Morally uncomfortable changes in the way they worked (moral dilemmas) | |||||||||
| Denied experiencing | 344 (25.5) | 1007 (74.5) | <0.001 | 337 (24.9) | 1014 (75.1) | <0.001 | 193 (14.3) | 1158 (85.7) | <0.001 |
| Did not deny experiencingc | 562 (43.7) | 725 (56.3) | 487 (37.8) | 800 (62.2) | 454 (35.3) | 833 (64.7) | |||
| Developed COVID-19 | |||||||||
| Yesd | 262 (36.4) | 458 (63.6) | 0.175 | 238 (33.1) | 482 (66.9) | 0.217 | 209 (29) | 511 (71) | 0.001 |
| No | 644 (33.6) | 1274 (66.4) | 586 (30.6) | 1332 (69.4) | 438 (22.8) | 1480 (77.2) | |||
| A cohabitant developed COVID-19 | |||||||||
| Yes | 179 (34.3) | 343 (65.7) | 0.977 | 157 (30.1) | 365 (69.9) | 0.523 | 131 (25.1) | 391 (74.9) | 0.736 |
| No | 727 (34.4) | 1389 (65.6) | 667 (31.5) | 1449 (68.5) | 516 (24.4) | 1600 (75.6) | |||
| Admission to hospital with COVID-19 | |||||||||
| Self, close family or friendh | 189 (41.8) | 263 (58.2) | <0.001 | 154 (34.1) | 298 (65.9) | 0.153 | 161 (35.6) | 291 (64.4) | <0.001 |
| No | 717 (32.8) | 1469 (67.2) | 670 (30.6) | 1516 (69.4) | 486 (22.2) | 1700 (77.8) | |||
PHQ-4, 4-item Patient Health Questionnaire; IES-R, Impact of Event Scale-Revised; PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder; PPE, personal protective equipment.
Percentages are demonstrated in rows.
Pearson χ2 statistical test used for univariate analysis to obtain P-values.
Includes those that reported yes and prefer not to say.
Includes all participants who had symptomatic COVID-19 illness diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction testing, clinician diagnosed or self-diagnosed as per Public Health England guidance.
Includes all forms of redeployment for example different speciality, department or hospital.
Includes no and not applicable.
Includes those that reported a decrease, no change and not applicable.
Close family member – nuclear family, first degree relative whom the respondent lived with or associated on at least once a week; a close friend: A friend whom the participant lived with or associated with at least once a week.