a, b Representative flow cytometry plots (a) and statistical analysis (b) of NKG2A+ and NKG2D+ cDNT after coculture with M1/M2 macrophages for 4 and 24 h (n = 5 biologically independent samples per group). cDNT, black; cDNT + M1, red; cDNT + M2, blue. Actual p values (left → right): 1.67e−7, 1.34e−9, 0.0034, 0.00003. c M2 macrophages were pretreated with anti-IL-10 neutralizing mAb (0.1 and 1.0 μg/ml) or IgG control for 4 h and coculture with cDNT for 24 h. Statistical analysis of NKG2A+ and NKG2D+ cDNT in each group (n = 5 biologically independent samples per group). cDNT, black; cDNT + M2, red; cDNT + M2 + anti-IL-10 mAb, blue. Actual p values (left → right): 0.00067, 0.017, 0.0090. d Flow cytometric images (top) and statistical analysis (bottom) of Qa-1b+ cells among different types of macrophages (n = 5 biologically independent samples per group). M0, black; M1, red; M2, blue. Actual p values (left → right): 0.30, 0.42. e M1 and M2 macrophages were pretreated with anti-Qa-1b neutralizing mAb (10 μg/ml) or IgG control for 4 h before cocultured with cDNT. Statistical analysis of Annexin V+ cells relative to M1 and M2 macrophages in each group (n = 6 biologically independent samples per group). W/O cDNT, black; W/ cDNT, red; W/cDNT+anti-Qa-1b, blue. Actual p values (left → right): for M1 cells, 0.64, 0.059, 0.58, 0.48; for M2 cells, 0.00096, 5.34e−8, 0.000014, 4.52e−11. f Macrophages were pretreated with anti-Qa-1b neutralizing mAb (10 μg/ml) or control IgG for 4 h and then cocultured with cDNT pretreated with or without IL-10 (50 ng/ml) for 24 h. Statistical analysis of Annexin V+ cells relative to macrophages in each group (n = 10 biologically independent samples per group). Actual p values (left → right): 4.50e−7, 5.34e−8, 0.95, 3.42e−9, 3.66e−12, 0.93. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA with post hoc multiple comparisons test. Two-sided p values < 0.05 were considered significant. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; NS not significant. Source data, including exact p values, are provided as a Source data file.