Table 2. Eligibility criteria, exclusion criteria and tumour characteristic of particular trials.
| First author, year, journal | Eligibility criteria | Exclusion criteria | Tumour size, mean (cm) | Tumour focality (n) | Final tumour stage (n) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| bTURB | mTURB | bTURB | mTURB | bTURB | mTURB | |||||
| Bolat, 2018 International Brazil Journal of Urology | Patients: who underwent TURB for overt or suspected bladder cancers on radiological imagings and/or cystoscopy; who had grade 2 or 3 coronary artery disease (CAD) according to New York Heart Association’s (NYHA) classification | Patients without coronary artery disease (CAD); acute UTI; absence of urothelial cancer on pathology report after TURB; TURB for residual tumours; re-staging or recurrent bladder tumours; patients who were not suitable for spinal anesthesia | 3 | 3.1 | 2.0±1.6 (mean number) | 1.8±1.4 (mean number) | Ta: 22; T1: 15; CIS: 1; T2:11 | Ta: 24; T1: 12; CIS: 1; T2: 6 | ||
| Del Rosso, 2013 International Journal of Urology | All patients planned for TURB with a new diagnosis of bladder tumour irrespective of size, site and multiplicity | Patients with UTI and who reported a MIBC after TURB | NR | NR | Single/multiple 56/11 | Single/multiple 54/11 | Ta: 49; T1: 18 | Ta: 47; T1: 18 | ||
| Gramann, 2018 World Journal of Urology | Tumour on the lateral bladder wall (lateral to ureteral orifice); elective TURB; operability; written informed consent | UTI; pregnancy; age <18 years or lack of legal majority; antiplatelet agents (except ASA ≤100 mg) | <1 cm: 12; >1 cm: 11 | <1 cm: 5; >1 cm: 16 | NR | NR | No tumour: 2; Ta: 16; T1: 3; T2: 2 | No tumour: 2; Ta: 13; T1:3; T2: 3 | ||
| Hashad, 2018 Arab Journal of Urology | Patients: presenting with bladder tumours of >3 cm in maximum diameter; receiving low-dose aspirin (81 mg/day) as antiplatelet therapy, which was not stopped before surgery | Patients with recurrent tumours and patients with CT or MRI evidence of MIBC | 3.46 | 3.5 | Single/multiple 70/30 | Single/multiple 68/32 | NR | NR | ||
| Liem, 2018 Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations | Patients with primary NMIBC treated with mTURB or bTURB | Tumours other than NMIBC; unknown resection technique | 2.08 | 2.08 | Single/multiple 221/182 | Single/multiple 187/123 | Ta: 258; T1: 137; CIS: 11 | Ta: 153; T1: 150; CIS: 7 | ||
| Mahmoud, 2019 Arab Journal of Urology | Patients with newly diagnosed primary bladder tumours, with tumour size >3 cm | Patients: not suitable for spinal anaesthesia; with recurrent bladder tumours; with other urological malignancies; requiring anticoagulation; with pacemakers; with back pressure change; with urethral stricture; with active UTIs; with uncontrolled bleeding diathesis | 4.09 | 4.06 | Single/multiple 35/5 | Single/multiple 33/7 | Ta: 12; T1: 22; T2: 6 | Ta: 8; T1: 22; T2: 10 | ||
| Murugavaithianathan 2018, Journal of Endourology | Patients with bladder tumour undergoing TURB under regional anesthesia | Patients: undergoing re-TURB; requiring general anaesthesia; who refused to give informed consent | 2.7 | 2.5 | Single/multiple 65/15 | Single/multiple 70/10 | Ta: 19; T1: 35; T2: 15 | Ta: 13; T1: 44; T2: 18 | ||
| Teoh, 2016 Annals of Surgical Oncology | All patients who were diagnosed by cystoscopy to have a bladder tumour (either primary or recurrent) and who were planned for TURB | Patients who had prior TURB performed within a 6-week period | 2.34 | 2.21 | Single/multiple 45/30 | Single/multiple 45/34 | Ta: 43; T1: 13; T2: 9 | Ta: 33; T1: 22; T2: 7 | ||
| Venkatramani, 2014 Journal of Urology | All consecutive patients undergoing TURB for suspected bladder tumours | Restaging TURB for high grade bladder cancer; refusal to participate; unfitness for spinal anesthesia | 4.38 | 4.55 | 2.51 (mean number) | 1.97 (mean number) | Ta: 21; T1:26; T2: 17; CIS: 1; Misc: 7 | Ta: 22; T1: 23; T2: 21; CIS: 0; Misc: 9 | ||
TURB, transurethral resection of bladder tumour; bTURB, bipolar transurethral resection of bladder tumour; mTURB, monopolar transurethral resection of bladder tumour; NMIBC, non-muscle invasive bladder tumour; MIBC, muscle invasive bladder tumour; UTI, urinary tract infection; CT, computed tomography; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; NR, not reported.