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Emodin induces apoptosis through an autophagy pathway. HCT116 (A) and LOVO (B) cells treated with emodin (20 μM) were also treated with or without CQ (10 μM) for 24 h. Cell lysates were subjected to Western blotting. Grayscale analysis of Western blotting results was performed in HCT116 (C) and LOVO (D). Results from three independent experiments were quantitated and presented as means and SE. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001.
