FIGURE 5.

DDR activation leads to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. (A) Western blot. SW480 cells were treated by 0.75 μM alkannin, 10 μM olaparib or the combination of the two, with or without NAC, for 3 h. (B) Flow cytometry analysis of cell cycle. SW480 cells were treated by 0.75 μM alkannin, 10 μM olaparib or the combination of the two for 48 h (n = 3) (note: the subG₁ population was excluded from these measurements). (C) Measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential and (D) Western blot. SW480 cells were treated by the combination of 1.5 or 0.75 μM alkannin and 10 μM olaparib for 12 h. (E) Flow cytometry analysis of apoptosis. SW480 cells were treated by 0.75 μM alkannin, 10 μM olaparib or the combination of the two for 48 h (n = 3). n.s.: not significant, *:p < 0.05, ***:p < 0.001.